连读

  1. You’re gonna wanna get more experiences before you apply

    before 可以读成 /b fɔr/， you和apply之间加w的音

  2. I just wanted to have a look at her resume before you hired her

    wanted to 读成 /wa nI tə/， nt+vowel,省t wanted=/wɑntɪd/=/wɑnɪd/, at her 读成/æ dər/ hired her 同理不发h的音

  3. **Give up or make decision because you can’t have it both ways **

    give up or 读成/gɪ vʌ pər/ , because 读成/kɔz/, 同时注意 can’t和can的读音区别

  4. Didn’t it seem kinda cold last night

    Didn’t it /dɪ dɪn nɪ/

  5. And your daddy didn’t understand？

    / ə njər dæ di dɪ ‘ə nʌn dər sdænd?/

  6. How does he expect me to buy stuff

    / hɑu dʌ ziks bekt mi də bɑi sdʌf?/

  7. You’re probably gonna wanna train the new intern because he is hopeless**

    probable可以省略中间的b的音 /‘prɑbəli/ new intern之间加w的音， because he is /kɔ zɪs/

  8. Look I’m really tired, so can we go home?

    look I’m /lʊ kai m/

  9. Who else wants to see a movie?

    who else 中间有w的音 see a 中间有j的音

  10. Oh,we do, but not just yet.

    /Ouwi dµ, bʌ’ nɑ’ dʒʌ sje’/

  11. But it won’t work out

    /bʌ’ɪ’ woun’ wər kɑu’/

  12. This might be a bad idea

    be a 中间有j的音 idea中间也有j的音

  13. But I’m gonna do it anyway

  14. What if I had taken that job at Merrill Lynch?

    /wʌ dɪ fɑi hæ’ tei kɪn ðæ’ dʒɑ bæ’ meər rəl lintʃ? /

  15. Well, why didn’tyou take the job?

    /Wel wɑi dɪ ‘ən tʃµ teik ðə dʒɑb/

  16. Do you not wanna be seen with me?

    /də jμ nɑ’ wɑ nəbi sin wɪθ mi?/

  17. ** we’renot gonna hide it anymore.**

    /wər nɑ’ gʌ nə hɑi dɪ dæ ni mɔr /

  18. Here, let me give it a shot 让我试一试

    give it a shot /ɡɪ vɪ də ʃɑ/

  19. When are we gonna hang out? 我们什么时候出去玩一玩

    when are we /we nar wi/

  20. This isn’t what I wanted

    wanted /wɑnɪd/

  21. Matt can’t be that fat, can he?

    重音： can’t、 that， can he /cæni/

  22. It’d’ve been nice to go out today

    It’d’ve = It would have /I’ dI dIv/

  23. when am I going to get promoted

    when am I /we nə maɪ/

  24. Is it a school night and she has a lot of homework to do?

    /ɪ zɪ də sguəl nɑi’ ən ᵗʃi hæ zə lɑ də houmwərk tə dµ/

  25. When’s her birthday?

    /wen tsər bərθ dei/

  26. Would you give it a rest 你省省吧，休息一下吧， （不要喋喋不休了，能停停吗）

  27. He is gonna wish he was never born

    wish he /wɪʃi/ 此处省略h

  28. could you… hold out that ring and ask me to marry you?

    /kʊ dʒµ… houl dɑu’ ðæ’ riŋ ŋən… æs mi də mæ rijµ?/ that 咬舌停顿，略读

  29. How much is it?

    /hɑu mʌ tʃɪ zɪ’ ?/ 重音在is上

  30. I thought that it mattered what I said or where I said it

    /ɑi θɔ’ ðæ dɪ’ mædərd wʌdɑi sed, ɔr weərrɑise dɪ’/

  31. He knows what it’s about

    /hi nou zwʌ dɪtsə bɑu’/

  32. You wanted it to be a surprise.

    / jµ wanɪ dɪ’ tə bi jə sә’praiz /

  33. I never had a bike of my own

    /ɑine vər hæ də bɑi kə mɑi ʲoun /

  34. Not really, I got to drag him around, too!

    / nɑ’rɪlli, ɑi gɑ’ tə dræg hɪ mə rɑun’ tµ! / (注意是gɑ’ tə， 表示“我也有拖着他跑的”， 不是“我得拖着他跑”)

  35. I’m sorry we can’t store your childhood things anymore.

    /ɑim sɔr ri wi kæn’ tsdɔr jər tʃɑild hʊ’ θiŋ ze nimɔr./

  36. ** I used to love to play restaurant.**

    /ɑi jµs tə lʌv tə plei res dər rɔn’/

  37. She’s not as pretty as she was when she was 29

    /ʃis nɑ dəz prɪ di ʲæ ʃi wʌz wen ᵗʃi wʌz twe ni nɑin/

  38. Ms. Greene would like to establish some ground rules before she comes out

    /mɪs grin wʊ’ lɑik tµ ʷɪs dæblɪʃ sʌm grɑun’ ruəlz bə fɔr ʃi kʌm zɑu’/

  39. No, I love it.Thank you

    /nouʷɑi lʌvɪ’ θæŋkjµ/

  40. Now that you’re a couple, we don’t get two presents from you guys?

    /nɑuðæ’ jər rə kʌpəl, wi doun’ge’ tµprezɪnᵗs frʌ mjµ gɑiz?/

  41. you have got to try this cheesecake

    /jµhæv gɑ’ tə trɑi ðɪs tʃiz keik /

  42. Somebody sent it to us

    /sʌmbɑ di se nɪ’ tµ ʷʌs/

  43. I’ll be right with you

    /ɑlbi rɑi’ wɪ θjµ /

  44. I was not staring at her

    /ɑiwʌz nɑ’ tsdeər riŋ ŋæ’ hər/

  45. In college, Ross used to wear leg warmers!

    / ɪn kɑ lɪdʒ, rɔs jµs tə weər le gwɑər mərz/

  46. Monica couldn’t tell time ’til she was 13

    /mɑ nɪ kə kʊ ‘ən tel tɑi mʌn tɪl ʃi wʌz θər tin/

  47. We used to be very close

    / wi jµs tə bi ve ri klous/

  48. It’s not a big deal!

    /ɪts nɑ də bɪ’ diəl/

  49. What did you say when you made up your vows?

    / wʌ dɪ dʒµ sei we njµ mei dʌ’ jər vɑuz?/

  50. I am supposed to be writing my vows and all I have is this!

    /ɑim sʌ pous tə bi rɑi diŋ mɑi vɑuz ə nɑl lɑihæv ɪz ðɪs./

  51. Those boots are amazing

    /ðouz bµ tsɑər rə mei ziŋ/

金牌音标

  1. /v/

    同“飞”的口型，喉咙震动

never ever over very give have love everything every even move believe leave everybody haven live five everyone whatever drive leaving moving alive movie giving forever lovely given evening cover seven leaving loved voice above evil save government forgive private

  1. /ð/

    舌头放在上下齿之间或者舌头顶在牙齿上，喉咙震动

the than those that other this these there then they mother father another together brother though either rather others

  1. /ʒ/ /ʃ/

    英文单词以sion sure sual rsion为结尾的包含ʒ音，同she的口型，嘟起嘴唇，喉咙震动, 注意不同于汉语的“湿”

    conclusion confusion decision division occasion provision television vision
    exposure measure pleasure disclosure, enclosure, leisure, treasure
    ***usual visual casual ***
    aversion conversion dispersion immersion perversion version
    action cooperation inflation situation appreication

  2. /ai/ /au/ /n/

    发/n/ 舌头要贴上颚
    /ai/ 阿姨
    behind bind blind wind find mind

    /au/ 啊屋 /aun/ 联想“云”字
    bound hound count mount pound found down brown town downtown

  3. /‘ən/

    /ə/ 嘴巴全部放松喉咙震动， 很懒很放松的“饿”

    certain certainly fountain(喷泉，泉水) mountain curtain（窗帘） shorten written bitten gotten sweeten（减轻，使变甜） forgottten kitten(小猫) mitten(手套)
    /tən/ 通常drop t

  4. /‘əl/

    /ə/ 嘴巴全部放松喉咙震动， 很懒很放松的“饿” /l/ 舌尖向上卷碰到牙齿, 嘴唇不动， 拉长“楼”的音

    **people able pull bicycle table uncle principle deal heal meal rural actural formal legal **

  5. /r/

    舌头向后上转是正常的r（在末尾） 动作回去就是r的另一个发音（在开头）， 通常r 既在末尾又要在开头都发音， 如teacher is /titʃɚr rIs/

    r在开头： rain ring read ride role room
    r在末尾: wider easier higher dear poker

  6. /t/ /d/

    清辅音和浊辅音就是喉咙有没有震动,用气弹那么一下
    talked take top installed leged learnt student

  7. /ʊ/

    类似于“饿”的读音， 但是没有“饿”这个音喉咙那么用力

    good look book took hood cook could would should put

  8. /i/ /ɪ/

    将“叶”字分解.

    **it, fit hit bit itch(痒) lip sit **

美语口语

2016.3.2 Future World

**J: ** Did u hear the Apple Pay is coming to China? It means we can pay with our Iphone, isn’t that nifty

pay with: 用… 支付; nifty: /‘nɪfti/

X: That’s pretty slick, who would’ve thought that one day we could make payments with a mobile phone? Technology seems to make our lives better and better, what do u think the future has in store for us over the next 50 years

slick 等同 nifty，表示高科技的小物件比较酷
who would’ve thought that one day… 谁能想到有一天…
sth has/have in store for 等同于 sth will happen in the future

J: I think things will continue to get smaller, Maybe one day our cellphone will be the size of a grain of rice

things 日常的东西
cellphone 在美国手机经常用这个词
the size of a grain of rice 米粒儿一样的大小

X: * That’d be pretty cool! Maybe it will be implanted in our bodies, we’ll see a greater integration between man and machine*

That’d be pretty cool 一种猜测，虚拟语气
implant 植入
integration 集成 IC卡（Integrated Circuit Card）

J: I think VR(virtual reality) is the next big thing, I bet stem cell research will make great strides as well, maybe we can grow a new in the lab(laboratory) organ instead of transplanting some else’s

the next big thing 成为主流，something that is not popular now, but will be popular and mainstream in the future
make great strides 取得更大进步
stem cell 干细胞

X: I’d rather work than become a couch potato

couch potato 沙发土豆 指懒人

2016.3.7 Online Learning

X: I thought you were supposed to have class now? what are you doing at your home?

were supposed to 本应该干什么却没干

J: I’m having class, can’t you see?

have class 上课

X: What do you mean? you’re at home on your computer

what do you mean? 什么意思？ 期待对方给予答案
on your computer 面对电脑. I’m on my computer 我正在用电脑. on the internet 上网. I’m on the bus 我在公交车上

J: Come on, get with the times, a lot of people are taking classes online now, it’s perfect for workaholics(工作狂) like me, not only that, you can go online and learn just about anything, right now, i’m studying economics. The best thing is I can choose the time I want to study, the time isn’t set in stone

get with the times 跟上时代的潮流
take class = have class 上课 (where are you taking class? i’m taking class online)
not only that 不仅如此
just about anything 几乎所有的事情/东西， just在这里指几乎
economy 经济 economics 经济学 economist 经济学家
set in stone 设置在石头上，表示“固定,永久不变的”， isn’t set in stone 不固定

X: I had no idea that you could learn online

have no idea 是完全不知道， i don’t know 有时候还表示一些不确定在里面

J: You should jump on the bandwagon and study online too

jump on the bandwagon 跟上潮流. keep up with trend, trend本身就是一个大的趋势，所以千万不要写big trend， 从汉语的解释big就是累赘

X: I’d love to, Maybe next semester I can pick some online classes, Right now my thesis is driving me bonkers

thesis /‘θisɪs/ 比较正式的论文
drive me bonkers/nuts/crazy 让我抓狂

J: What do you so stressed about? I thought you had the whole semester to get it done

stress about 抓狂（什么东西压着你）

X: Yeah, I did, but I procrastinated until the very last minute, Now i’m paying the price

procrastinate /pro’kræstɪnet/ 耽搁、延迟
pay the price 付出代价

J: Just take it easy, Rome is not built in a day, you know?

Rome is not built in a day 罗马不是一天建成的

J: * Good thing you are here, my computer crashed, now i can’t boot it, I have to finish my homework by the end of the day, can you help me out， I’m really pressed for time with this homework*

good thing 幸亏， 类似于thanks god.
crashed 可以表示电脑死机
boot 启动 boot an electronic device (启动电子设备)
by the end of the day 截止到今天
help me out 帮我渡过难关/困难
pressed for time 时间紧迫

X: * You scratch my back, I will scratch your back, it’s only fair*

you scratch my back, i’ll scratch your back 你挠挠我都后背，我挠挠你的后背，指互帮互助

J: Alright, you win， It works, you really are a Jack of all trades

a Jack of all trades 某人各种工作都干得很好，一个什么都会做的人 表示什么都会

X: So you are gonna renege on our deal? that’s cold

renege on our deal/go back on your words/go back on your promise 反悔
that’s cold 一种心理描述， “太不靠谱了” 心灰意冷

2016.3.10 Visiting a friend in the hospital

J: What a pleasant surprise

I’m so happy to see you 表示非常高兴

X: How ya doin’, Sis? I thought I’d pay you a visit, I bet you are pretty lonely here in the hospital all by yourself

How are you doing? 在口语中可以说 How ya doin’, 表示问候“怎么样了”
pay a visit to sb = pay sb a visit (拜访某人)

J: That’s so sweet of you, my mom just left a few minutes ago, I’m surprised you didn’t bump into her as you were coming up

so sweet of you = so kind of you (你真好)
bump into sb (偶然遇到某人， 强调偶然性)

X: Oh rats, That would’ve been great to catch up with her, I haven’t seen her in ages, anyways, how’d your operation go?

oh rats 真可惜，很可惜
catch up with sb (Talk with someone who you haven’t seen in a long time 和很久没见的人唠嗑聊天)
I haven’t see her in ages (我好久没见到她了， long time no see)
How’d (did) your operation/holiday/birthday go? (… 过得怎么样)？

J: It was success, The doctor said I will be back to normal in no time, Although, i’m feeling a little woozy(头晕) from the anesthesia(麻药)

I will be back to normal in no time = I’ll get back on my feet soon = I’ll fully recover soon
anesthesia /,ænəs’θiʒə/ 麻药

X: That’s a relief, I would’ve come earlier had I known

That’s a relief (那我就放心了)

J: Two days ago, I was helpig my mom do the dishes when I slipped and fell on my knee,Thankfully, we didn’t have to call ambulance, my mom rushed me to the ER(emergency room)

do the dishes 洗碗
thankfully 非常幸运地
rush sb to smw = send sb smw quickly (飞速的把某人送到某地)

X: Good thing your mom was there to help you out. I brought you some stuff to munch on, beef jerky, your favorite

munch on = to snack on = to eat
beef jerky 牛肉干 pork jerky 猪肉干

J: This will make me feel even better, I should stay in the hospital a little longer, I don’t mind being pampered by you

pamper /‘pæmpɚ/ to take really good care of someone 精心照料

X: Is there anything I can do for you (常用口语， 我能为你做些什么事情吗)
J: You can go pick up some medicine for me at drug store, take this prescription and get me three bottles of painkillers and three bottles of penicillin, The drug store is on the first floor to the left of entrance, on your way back, help me ask the nurse on duty, if I’ll be able to come home tomorrow

drug store = pharmacy （药房）
prescription 处方， painkiller 止痛药， penicillin 青霉素
The drug store is on the first floor to the left of entrance （注意描绘方位）
on your way back 在你回来的路上
on duty 值班

2016.3.14 Negotiating with Landlords

L: After seeing the apartment, are you satisfied with everything?

be satisfied with 对… 满意
look for a house/place 找房子

X: I think so, I just have a few questions if you don’t mind

if you don’t mind 如果你不介意，一种非常客气的说法，可以放在句子开头也可以放在句子末尾

L: Okay, shoot

shoot 非常口语化的表达“请直说，但说无妨，问吧”

X: I’m on the fence about choosing the big room or the small room, they are both very nice

I’m on the fence about sth/doing sth 表示“不大确定，还在犹豫”
to sit on the fence “墙头草“的意思 he is to sit on the fence

L: If I were you, I’d pick the bigger room, it’s closer to the bathroom and the view is facing the city, it’s really the best of both worlds

the view is facing the city 窗子冲着市区景色
it’s really the best of both worlds 两全其美

X: You’re right, I’m a sucker for beautiful scenery, Okay, i’m sold, the big room it is, what’s the next step?

I’m a sucker for sth 我对… 没有抵抗力
i’m sold 我要了/我买了
the big room it is 就是这个大房间了， .. it is 表示就是.. 了 Pizza it is 就是披萨了

L: If you are sure you’d like to live here, we require that all of tenants sign a one year lease agreement, then I need your John Hancock here

lease agreement 租约， 通常连用
John Hancock 签名 = autograph (所有签名的单词都可以通用在任何场合)

X: There you go, are we finished?
L: That’s it, here is your key, you’re free to move in anytime, if you have any question, please give us a call and we’ll glad to assit you

move in 搬进来，入住

L: Hello, Mr. Gao, how is the new apartment?
X: Well.. it’s great, but there is a slight problem

slight problem 小问题，一种委婉的说法

L： What’s the matter?
X: *There’s a huge pest(害虫、虫子、有害之物) problem in the kitchen, I’m worried that it might come into my room *
L: What kind of pests are we talking about?
X: Roaches

roach (蟑螂) 全程cockroach

L: I’m very sorry to hear that, have you tried cleaning the kitchen thoroughly(彻底地，完全地)
X: That’s why I came here, isn’t there something that you can do?
L: I’m afraid not
X: But you are my landlord, I thought your slogan was “above and beyond the call of duty”

slogan 口号
above and beyond the call of duty 竭尽全力做某事，全心全意做某事

L: You mustn’t have read the fine print in the contract. it says here on line 217 that we are not responsible for any bug infestations

fine print 小字体 large print 大字体
infestation /ɪnfɛs’teʃən/ 感染，侵扰

X: I see， in that case, I’ll have to hire a prefessional to get rid of the bugs

in that case 那么，在这种情况下
get rid of 清除..

2016.3.16 House of Cards

J: Hi,Xiaogao, why do you have those bags under your eyes, have you not been sleeping well lately?

bags under one’s eyes = to have dark shadows under one’s eyes, usually from a lack of sleep (由于睡眠不足导致的黑眼圈)

X: You can say that

you can say that (你可以这么说） 等同于yes，表示肯定

J: Care to elaborate?

care to elaborate = can you please explain? 能解释一下吗？ 详细说说？

X: I’ve been binging on House of Cards lately, season 4 came out last week, and my eyes have been glued to the screen ever since

binge on sth/doing sth = to over indulge in sth 过渡做某事， 这里指疯狂追剧纸牌屋
binge drinking (酗酒，豪饮)
come out 上映， 多用于影片
one’s eyes have been glued to the screen = to be infatuated with a movie or show to the point where you don’t want to do anything 眼睛贴在屏幕上了，意指沉迷于电影或电视节目而无心做其他事

J: Season 4 is already out? I just remember just a few years ago when the first season came out back in early 2013. It seems like just yesterday

It seems like just yesterday （used to refer to something that isstill fresh in one’s memory） 恍如昨日的感觉

X: Yeah, I’m hooked on it, I think it is so cool that Netflix was able to make such a successful online-only web television series, They really broke new grounds

Be hooked on sth = to be addicted to sth 沉迷于某事，上瘾
hook up
online-only web television 只在网络上播放的网剧
break new grounds （to accomplish something that hasn’t been accomplished before） 完成从未被完成过的事，常指开创新局面

J: Did you know the first season received nine prime time Emmy Award nominations, The whole world seems like to love this political drama

receive .. award 获得.. 奖项
political drama （A drama series that has a political background） 有政治背景的剧集

X: I think Kevin Spacey and Robin Wright’s acting is outstanding! The first three seasons kept me on the edge of my seat during each episode. I love Neve Campbell’s performance in season 4! She’s one of my favorite actresses of all time.

outstanding 这里指演技出神入化，很棒
[Something] keeps you on the edge of your seat = [something] is very suspenseful 非常具有悬念的某事 这里指很刺激
of all time 一直以来

J: So, how is season 4? I heard there are some similarities(相似之处) between season 4 and the American election campaign. Is that true?
X: That’s right! There certainly are parallels（相似之处） between season 4’s script and the 2016 primary campaign. Are you sure you want me to go into specifics? It might spoil（剧透） it for you?

Go into specifics = talk about something in detail (详细说，仔细解释)

J: On second thought, I think you’d better wait until I watch itmyself.

on second thought 经过再一次考虑

X: Well, all I can say is get ready for more suspense and nail-biting drama! It’s so fun to watch Frank Underwood climb up the ladder of power!

all that I can say is = what I can say is （具体查看语法定语从句）
nail-biting (咬指甲，指非常刺激的剧情)
climb up the ladder = to ascend in rank, power, or status （字面爬上梯子，意指达到某种权力)

2016.3.23 Artificial Intelligence

J： I didn’t know you played Go(围棋)
X: I don’t, but I really wanna learn it, Did you hear about the amazing archievement of Google’s AI robot AplhaGo?

hear about 听说
archievement 成就，非常大的词汇，表示很了不起的成果

J: *I heard about it, why are you so excited? *
X: Because it’s the first AI program that could beat a professional player at the most complex board game mankind（人类） has ever created.

board game 棋盘游戏

J: I thought computers have been able to beat humans at chess for a long time, what’s the big deal?

for a long time = in ages
what’s the big deal? 有什么大不了的，多大的事

X: You’re right, but there is a huge difference between chess and Go, computers could easily beat humans because it’s way less complicated. computers don’t need to be smart to win at chess, they just need to be fast, a computer can use technique called brute forceto(BF) win at chess, this is not possible with Go, AlphaGo use reall AI called deep learning in order to solve problem.

there is a huge difference between A and B (A 和 B有很大的不同)
way less complicated (此处的way相当于very /much)
deep learning (深度学习)
win at sth （赢得什么/取胜）

J: I think I understand now, but why does this matter for mankind?

why does this matter for mankind? (但此事为何对人类事关重要？)

X: such as complex weather conditions,disease control, and global warming issues
J: I heard the AI robot only won 4 out of 5 matches. Does that mean that AI has room for improvement?

4 out of 5 五分之四 四分之三：three fourths= three quarters 五分之三：three fifths 分数的表达法：分子用基数词,分母要用序数词,分子大于1时,分母的序数词后加s.对于四分之一,常用quarter来表示.
sth has room for improvement （sth 还有进步空间）

X: That’s right. The robot isn’t perfect, but it certainly impressed the entire world. Some of AlphaGo’s moves were described as “beautiful” by Go fans.

sth impressed sb （.. 给某人留下深刻印象）
AlphaGo’s moves 此处的move表示棋路

J: This is getting scary. Are robots going to take over the world?

take over (控制/接管)

X： Although Google’s AI victory marked a major milestone for artificial intelligence, the world is still a long way away from mimicing true human intelligence.

mark a major milestone (标识一个重要的里程碑)
mimic /‘mɪmɪk/ vt. 模仿，摹拟
A long way away from… = 与…差得很远

2016.3.28 Horoscope

J: We’ve already talked about the first six zodiac signs, I think it’s time we talk about the last six . Pop quiz

first six 前六个 last six 后六个
pop quiz 考考你

X: These people love justice(公正) and fairness（公平）， they also work well with other people

work well with sb 非常融洽的和某人合作、 配合默契

J: Libras are known to be cooperative(有合作精神的), they don’t like violence（暴力） or injustice（不公正） of any kind.
X: Scorpios seem quiet and cool on the outside, but they are actually really emotional(内心感情丰富) and passionate(富有激情) on the inside

on the outside 外表 on the inside 内心

J: I heard they make really great leaders, they don’t like being lied to, so make sure you’re always honest to a Scorpio

make great leaders 非常会做领导 注意make的用法

X: Sagittarius are deep thinkers

deep thinkers 思想家/思想者

J: They are really extroverted and optimistic, it’s hard for a Sagittarius to feel down， we’ve finally reached the last three zodiac signs(星座)

extroverted/introverted (外向的/内向的)
optimistic/pessimistic （乐观的/悲观的）
feel down (不开心，情绪低落)
reach 到达， 到达了最后三个，就代表剩下三个

X: These people is known for their professionalism and traditional values , they are really serious people

professionalism and traditional values （专业精神和传统价值观）
serious people (严肃认真的人， 高冷)

J: Let’s move on, it should not surprise you that the symbol of Aquarius the water bearer, they can also be boisterous and energetic. They love to lend a helping hand to those in need.

it should not surprise you (毫无疑问，不会让你感到惊讶)
boisterous /ˈbɔɪ.stɚ.əs/ 喧闹的, 精力旺盛的
lend a helping hand to sb 帮助某人

X: The Pisces is a very gentle and affectionate(深情的，有爱心的) person. They are there for you when you need to spill your guts. Why would I want to be like you?

spill your guts 说心里话
why would I wannt to be like you? 为什么我要像你一样？

十二星座 Aries /ˈer.iːz/ 白羊座 Taurus /ˈtɔːr.əs/ 金牛座 Gemini /ˈdʒem.ə.naɪ/ 双子座 cancer /ˈkæn.sɚ/ 巨蟹座 Leo /ˈliː.oʊ/ 狮子座 Virgo /ˈvɝː.ɡoʊ/ 处女座 Libra /ˈliː.brə/ 天秤座 Scorpio /ˈskɔːr.pi.oʊ/ 天蝎座 Sagittarius /ˌsædʒ.əˈter.i.əs/ 射手座 Capricorn /ˈkæp.rə.kɔːrn/ 摩羯座 Aquarius /əˈkwer.i.əs/ 水瓶座 Pisces /ˈpaɪ.siːz/ 双鱼座

2016.3.30 Airport English

Xiaogao is at the airport checking in(办理登机), Jingjing plays the part of the airline employee
J: Hello sir, where are you flying today? (您此行飞往何处？)
X: I’m headed to Detroit.

be headed to smw 前往某地， 不能指从外地回家
Head to = to go to 去（往）某地

J： Can I please see your passport? do you have any goods to declare?

declare 申报， 指过海关的申报

X： Here’s my passport, no goods to declare this time.
J: Okay, will you be checking in any bags?

check in (既可以指办理登机，也可以指托运行李，此处是后者)

X: Yes, Just this one
J: Please place it on the scale, oh your bag is overweight（超重）, I’m afraid you’ll have to pay a small fee

place it on the scale(秤: a device to measure weights) 把它放在秤上
pay a small fee (此处要用fee， tip指吃完饭给的小费)
I’m afraid that （恐怕…） I’m afraid of (害怕…) 注意二者的区别

X: That’s fine, here you go(给你)
J: Here’s your boarding pass, you’ll begin boarding at 10:05 at gate D12

boarding pass (登机牌)

X: Thanks ma’am

ma’am /mɑːm/ 对女士饿一种礼貌的称呼，不在乎结婚与否

Xiao Gao is going through the security check. Jing Jing plays the part of the customs agent

go through 通过
security check 安检

J: Please take your laptop out of your bag and place it in a bin(指安检的小盒子)
X: No problem, should I take my shoes off too?
J: Yes, sir, you can put your shoes in another bin, please step through the metal detector.

step through （走过） 注意和go through的区别
metal detector （金属探测器）

X: I’m gonna have to pat your down, do you have any metal items in your pockets?

pat one’s down (很形象的说明“搜查身体”， 原意是拍拍你的身体) to search someone’s clothes for items they shouldn’t have

J: No, I think it might be the belt buckle, it’s made of metal.

belt buckle (皮带扣)

X: You are free to go, don’t forget to grab your things

grab sth （拿上某物）
grab a bite to eat/ grab sth to eat

Xiao Gao is onthe airplane getting ready to take off. Jing Jing plays the part of the stewardess(指空姐)

Flight attendants/stewardess 空乘人员

J: Here is a hot towel(毛巾) for you.Would you care for a pair of head phones?

care for sth (需要…)
head phones (耳机)

X: I will take a pair(指一对耳机)， BTW， could I have a cup of water, please?
J: Coming right up, and here’s some peanuts(花生) and pretzels（椒盐脆饼） for you to snack on.

coming right up (马上送过来)
snack on = munch on (食用, 当零食吃)

X: Thanks! Those are my favorite!

favorite 此处是形容词作名词，直接单数形式

The captain makes an announcement（机长开始广播）
Good morning ladies and gentlemen. This is your captain speaking. We have been cleared for takeoff(名词：起飞). We’ll be leaving in just a few minutes. Please sit down and fasten your seatbelts. We expect to arrive in Detroit in 12 hours. Thank you for flying with Happy Airlines. Flight attendants, prepare for takeoff!

扩展翻译

  1. 哪里是落地签办理处？
    Where can I find the visa on arrival office?
  2. 我在28号安检口等待安检
    I’m waiting at gate 28 for a security check
  3. 可以免费托运多重的行李？
    What’s the heaviest amount of luggage that we can check for free?
  4. 转机时是否需要取行李?行李可以直达目的地吗？
    Do I have to grab my luggage during connecting flights? Can we send my luggage directly to my destination?
  5. 紧急出口在哪儿？
    Where’s the emergency exit?

2016.4.6 Camping

J: What are you gonna do for the weekend?

what are you gonna do/what are you plans/what you have in mind for the weekend? 周末打算做什么

X: I haven’t decided yet, it’s still up in the air as to whether I’ll go camping with my friends or go bike riding through the countryside(郊外).

I haven’t decided yet. （注意加上yet更加完整，表示“我还没有决定”）
sth is still up in the air （某事还没决定，此处是事没确定）
sb is on the fence about sth （某人还在犹豫某事， 此处是人在犹豫）
as to （至于…. ）

J: Both of those things sound really tiring. why don’t you stay in town and hang out with your friends?

tiring: sth is tiring that makes you tired.
注意hang out 和 play的区别, play跟多的是指小朋友之间的玩耍，hang out 指逛街之类的

X: I’m an outdoorsman, I love nature, and besides, lately the weather has taken a turn for the better.

outdoorsman （户外运动控）
take a turn （转个弯，变化） 多数用于天气/身体 take a turn for the better/worse

J: I guess different things make us happy, I use my weekend to catch some shuteye

catch some shuteye (补觉)

X: I think you’d really like camping,how about we both go camping this weekend?
J: I don’t know, is it expensive?
X: Not at all, but I’d appreciate some help with gas money. it’s a long drive out to the campsite(度假营地)

not at all (一点也不，注意连读)
I’d appreicate some help … 非常委婉客气的说法
It’s a long drive out to the campsite/hospital/my mom house (去..的路程很远)

J: I’ll spring for gas, can I help with anything else?

spring (作动词讲意思：拿出..东西) pay for = spring for the ticket/dinner

X: I’ll let you set up a tent, you’ll love it

set up a tent = pitch a tent （搭帐篷）

J: It sounds like I’m getting the raw end of the deal, I heard that can be a lot of work

get the raw end of the deal (raw 生的， is not fair， 意思是吃了亏，拿到了不好的一端)

X: Don’t worry, I’ll help you through it. so are we on for the weekend?

I’ll help you throught it = I’ll help you out (我会帮你搞定它)
are we on .. (我们说定了..嘛？) are we on for tonight/the weekend? （说好今晚/周末？）

J: we’re on 说定了

J: You should have looked at the weather report before we left.I can’t believe it’s raining right now, this is the pits

I can’t believe it’s raining/April 4
This is the pits (pit: the hole in the ground, 表示不理想的情况， 太糟糕了)

X: Don’t worry, we still have a good time, hurry up and pitch the tent before we get any wetter.

hurry up and pitch the tent before we get any wetter (快来，在我们淋湿之前把帐篷打起来，注意此处比较级的运用，更加地道)

J: There a lot of poles(杆子), I don’t know what to do first.
X: There is nothing to it, watch me, there, all done

there is nothing to it (没难度，很简单)

J: I guess that wasn’t so bad, so what are we supposed to do now? it’s too cold and wet to be outside right now.
X: How about we make dinner in tent? I brought a portable stove and some ramen

portable （唯一表示“便携式”的单词）
ramen 拉面

J: Now you’re talking, cooking is right up my alley, ok, Xiaogao, just sit back and relax, i’m gonna cook up a mean bowl of noodles.

you’re talking (太好了，很同意这么做，表示赞成)
sth is right up one’s alley = sb is good at sth
a mean bowl/dish of sth (一碗特别好吃的…)

X: Hey, you should come camping more often! You seem like a pro!

pro 此处表示专家， 注意和professor的区别， 此处不能用professor， pro表示很专业
more ofen 表示“经常”

J: What can I say? I guess I’m just good at everything I do!

what can I say (我能说什么呢？ 很炫耀的一种说法)
I’m good at everything I do = I’m a Jack of all trades (我什么事都能做好， 我是个全才)

2016.4.11 30-day Challenge

X: My friends and I are gonna go see Zootopia and then go grab a bite to eat, you in?

grab a bite to eat 吃点东西
A: you in? B: yes, I’m in / no, I’ll pass

J: I’ll pass
X: What? I thought you were dying to see that movie

be dying to do sth = Yearning to do something (非常/渴望想做某事)

J: I do really wanna see that movie, but I’ve got other plans, Lately I’ve been helping people at the old folks’ home

old folks’ home = nursing home (敬老院，前者多用于口语中)

X: Why would you do that instead of going to the movies? That doesn’t make sense

make sense (有意义)
That doesn’t make sense (根本没道理，讲不通)

J: I made a commitment to myself that I will do something good every day for 30days, I recently attented a TED seminar（专题讨论会） by Matt, He talked about the benefits of doing something for 30 days straight.

make a commitement (做承诺)
注意此处Straight的用处

X: Oh yeah, tell me about it.

tell me about it = care to elaborate

J: He said it’s a greate way to improve yourself-confidence. It’s also a great way to force yourself to do something that you’ve always wannted to do, but never got around to actually doing

improve yourself-confidence (注意：提升自信心要用improve)
push sb to do sth = force sb to do sth
get around to doing sth (抽时间做某事) 在肯定句中： finally get around to doing sth 在否定句中： never get around to doing sth

X: Oh, that sounds like something I should do…
J: I think you’d love it. You can pick something that you’re willing to do for 30 days, for example, writing a 50,000-word short story. Every day you just have to write 1667 words, but the tough part is that you can’t go to sleep until you’ve finished what you promised yourself you’d do.

the tough part (最艰难的部分)

X: I think I’ll give this a shot.Okay, have fun helping the old people. I’m off to the movies!

give it/this a shot （试一试）
have fun doing sth (有兴趣做某事)
I’m off (我走了，可用于结束一天的工作指“下班”)

J: * You look a lot thinner than the last time we met.*

package some pounds （变胖）

X: I took your advice and decided to go on a diet for 30 days. So far, I’ve stuck to my diet really well.

go on a diet (节食、减肥)
stick to doing sth/sth （坚持做某事）

J: That’s great! So, tell me about it? What exactly are you doing?

what exactly are you doing? (你到底做了什么)

X: * I promised myself that I would eat healthy for at least 30 days. I also promised myself to get lots of exercise by walking and going to the gym.*
J: How are you making sure that you eat heathy?
X: * I weigh all of my food on a digital scale before I eat it. Then I calculate the amount of calories. Right now, I only eat about 1900 calories a day. It’s really helped me slim down.*

digital scale (电子秤) 关联2016.3.30 Airport English 中 place it on the scale
slim down (瘦身，瘦下来)

J: I can see that! You look like a completely different person! (你简直像换了一个人，注意completely的使用)
X: By the way, are you still sticking to your commitment?
J: My 30-day commitment ended two weeks ago, but I felt so good about myself that I decided to keep it as a healthy habit. I still try to do one good thing every day. I love it!

2016.4.18 Getting Money Back

X: Can I talk to you for a minute? I’d like to pick your brains about something.

pick someone’s brains (询问/征求某人意见) Can I get your advice?

J: I’m all ears, what’s up?

I’m all ears (浑身上下都是耳朵，指在认真听，洗耳恭听)

X: I lent my friend 500RMB two weeks ago, and he still hasn’t paid me back, I’m at a loss of what to do

borrow sth from sb (从某人借某物)
lend sth to sb (借给某人某物)
pay me back (还钱给我)
I’m at a loss [of]… 我困惑.. 不知道怎么办 I don’t know what to do.

J: You could give him the benefit of the doubt, maybe he forget about the money

give sb the benefit of the doubt (暂且相信某人 站在对方的立场上想，给某人一次证明自己的机会)

X: * That’s a lot of money to forget about. I’m really starting to get angry now.*
J: I suggest you sit down with him and have a heart-to-heart talk. whatever you do, don’t lash out and accuse him of stealing your money, he really might have forgotten.

heart-to-heart talk (坦诚的，开诚布公的谈话)
lash out (用言语攻击、狠批) don’t lash out (不要说伤人的话，不要情绪太冲动失控)
accuse sb of doing sth (谴责/斥责/指控某人做某事， 不见得有证据的指控/斥责)

X: I think I’d better keep him at arm’s length from now on

keep sb at arm’s length (和某人保持距离)

J: Don’t jump to conclusions so fast, talk to him about it first, and then draw your conclusion.

jump to conclusions (妄下结论)
draw one’s conclusion (下结论)

X: Okay, I’ll keep you posted

keep you posted (告知某人某事，我会保持更新消息， 有消息就告诉你, 可以用在邮件书写中)

J: Were you able to get your money back?

get money back (还钱)

X: Yeah, but it was no walk in the park.

a walk in the park (轻而易举)
a pain in the neck (脖子上有疼痛，指不顺利，有麻烦)
twists and turns (故事上的“曲折”) The story is twists and turns

J: What do you mean?
X: I asked him if he could give me my money back, and he told me that it had completely slipped his mind.

slip one’s mind (忘得一干二净)

J: So did he give the money back to you then
X: He only gave me 300. He said he will give me the other 200 next week once he gets paid. But then I remembered that he was going on vacation next week, so I called him on his bluff

call sb bluff （揭穿某人）

J: Did he come clean?

come clean (变得清晰 指说真话 老实交代)

X: Yes, he apologized and gave me the other 200 the next day. He said he has been really tight for cash lately.

tight for cash (手头紧)

J: It sounds like youburied the hatchet with him?

bury the hatchet (埋掉战争、斧头, 指“和解；冰释前嫌”)

X: Yeah, I decided to let bygones be bygones. Now we’re back to being good friends,just like before.

let bygones be bygones (过去的事就让过去吧， 既往不咎)

J: * I’m glad you listened to me and were able to remain friends with him.*

remain friends (维持朋友关系)

X: what would I do without you?

2016.4.20 Taxi English

JJ is visiting NewYork for the first time. XG plays the part of the taxi driver.
JJ: Thanks so much for stopping, do you know how to get to Times Square(时代广场) from here?

how to get to smw from here? 从这怎样去smw

XG： Hop in, so, is this your first time to The Big Apple?

hop in （上车）/ hop out (下车) hop本意是“跳”
NYC(NewYork city 别称叫The Big Apple)

JJ： Yeah, it sure is, I never thought NewYork was this big, It reminds me of ShangHai,China

It sure is (当然了，确实是这样)
this （此处表示强调， 增强描述语气）
remind sb of sth （让某人想起某事）

XG: You’re from China, eh? wow, that’s a long way from NewYork. when did you land?

it’s a long way from swm (距离某地很远)
when did you land (什么时候到的) = when did you arrive

JJ: Last night, I’m still a little jet lagged

I’m still a little jet lagged (我现在仍然有点时差疲劳) tired from the time difference between two places
i’m lagging (通常是指“我网络延迟”)

XG： Well, welcome to Manhattan(曼哈顿) ， where else are you gonna see while you’re here?
JJ: *I’m planning on visiting Central Park(中央公园) and of course , the Empire State Building(帝国大厦), maybe you can tell me some good places to visit? *

I’m planning on doing sth (正打算某事)

XG： It’d be my pleasure, I think you should add the Statue of Liberty(自由女神) to your list, it’s a must-see

must-see(必看的[地方]) must-do(必做的[事情])

JJ： tha’s a greate idea.
XG: If you’re into animals, you should check out the Bronx ZOO(布朗克斯动物园), The 9/11 memorial is also a place you can’t miss, and since you’re laddy, I bet you like shopping, right?

be into sth (特别喜欢某物/事)
check out (去看看， 在酒店结账退房也可以用check out)
A place you can’t miss (非要去看不可的地方)
The 9/11 memorial is also a place you can’t miss (注意句子结构用法)

JJ： That’s right
XG： Well， you’ll love downtown Manhattan(曼哈顿闹市区)， there’s enough shopping malls there to keep you busy for days. but make sure you save some money for Coney island(康尼岛), there’s a lot of things to do, If you have enough energy, You should check out NewYork’s night life, You won’t be disappointed.
JJ: Thanks so much, those are some great tips!(小攻略)
XG： Here we are, Times Square! That’ll be $32.50（thirty two dollars and fifty cents）
JJ: Here’s $35, keep the change. By the way, can you tell me how to get to the music store?

keep the change = You can keep the tip(留着小费吧)

XG： Sure, walk two blocks east. You’ll see it on your right.Good luck

walk two blocks east (向东走两条街， 注意之路方向词的用法)

扩展：

  1. 纽约市共分为五区〈Borough〉：布朗〈The Bronx〉、布鲁克林〈Brooklyn〉、曼哈顿〈Manhattan〉、皇后〈Queens〉、及李奇文(又称为列治文)〈Richmond (Staten Island)〉。
  2. put your arm out (伸出手，想象叫出租车的样子)

2016.4.25 Vacation English

Xiao Gao is checking into a hotel(办理入住酒店). Jing Jing plays the part of the front desk employee
JJ: How may I help you?
XG: I have a reservation under the name Gao

A: I have a reservation. B: under which name (用哪个名字预定的)

JJ： Wait a moment while I’ll look you up, XG, is that right?

look [sth] up (查询)

XG： Yes, that’s right
JJ: It looks like you have booked a queen size bed?

queen size bed （大床房） King size bed (超级大床房)

XG： BTW, could you tell me some fun things to do around here? it’s my first time to Miami.
JJ: You asked the right person, I used to work as a tour guide before getting this job at the hotel, I think you should check out Miami beach, it’s a great place to get a tan, At Miami beach, you can go on a speed boat tour, afterwards（然后）, you should take a boat to the Bahamas(巴哈马)， it’s a paradise, you’ll love the restaurants and bars there

you asked the right person (你问对人了)
get a tan (晒的美黑) (tan 既可以是名词， 也可以是动词 I’m tanning now)
get a sunburnt(晒红， 就是指晒伤了)
sea sick (晕船)
go on a speed boat(快艇)/sth tour (来一个…游)
it’s a paradise (就是一个天堂啊)

XG： thanks, I’m gonna get my swim suit on and hit the beach

swim suit (泳衣)
you look good in the suit. the suit looks nice on you (注意介词in和on的使用)
hit the beach (奔向海滩，注意动词hit的使用，指去哪)

XG is at a restaurant at the Bahamas. Jing Jing plays the part of the restaurant employee
JJ： Sir, table for one?

table for one/two (一位/两位吗)
A: how many? (几位？) B: table for six (六个人)

XG Yes, Please
JJ: Smoking or non? (您想坐吸烟区还是非吸烟区)
XG： Non, please
JJ: right this way, Can I get started off with a something to drink?

right this way (这边请)
Can I get started off(start off 就相当于start) with a something to drink?

XG: How about a martini(马丁尼)
JJ: Coming right up, do u still need a minute to look at the menu?

coming right up (马上就来)

XG： What are your specials today? (今天的特价菜是什么？)
JJ： Today our specials are steak（牛排） and potatoes（土豆） and roasted salmon（烤三文鱼）. Do any of those sound good?
XG： I’ll go with the steak please.

I’ll have / go with + 菜名 （我要点什么.. ）

JJ： Okay, I’ll be right back with your order. （您的单很快就来）
JJ: How are we doing? Can I get you another martini?

how are we doing (怎么样，外国像国内需要叫服务员，他们会四处走来照顾顾客需求)

XG： No, thank you, I’m feeling a bit tipsy already. I’ll take the check, though.

I’m feeling a bit tipsy already(我感觉有点微醺了) / I’m feeling a little tipsy/woozy (I think I’ve caught a buzz). I gotta foot the bill.
I’ll take the check ， though(我要买单了, though就算是一种语气词“了”)

JJ： You got it. Here you are. I’ll be back to pick that up in a few minutes.(我过一会回来拿）

you got it (没问题)

扩展：

  1. 四大洋： the Pacific [pə’sɪfɪk] Ocean (太平洋),the Atlantic [ət’læntɪk] (Ocean)(大西洋),the Indian Ocean(印度洋),the Arctic [‘ɑrktɪk] Ocean (北冰洋)
  2. Hurricane crashed the Florida last week (飓风上周袭击了弗罗里达州)

2016.5.4 House Warming Party

JJ: XG, how’s the guest list coming along?

how’s [sth] coming along? (sth进展的怎么样，还没有结束)

XG： It’s pretty good, I’ve already thought of 30 people who we should invite.
JJ: I think you should limit your guest list, after all we’re on a tight budget. hosting so many people could be really expensive.

on a tight budget (预算有限) 注意和tight for cash的理解区别
hosting (邀请)

XG： You’re right, what about invitations? maybe we should use social media instead of paper invitations in order to cut down on costs

what about（直接提出选择、想法） 和 how about（有了一个，提出另外一个）
cut down on costs (减少开支)

JJ： Good idea, make sure you request an RVSP so that we can play for foods and drinks better.

RVSP (Répondez s’il vous plait(French for “please respond”) 敬请回复,收到请回复)

XG： Speaking of food, I think we should have finger foods that people can munch on while they mingle.

speaking of [sth] (说道sth)
saying [sth] （比如sth）
finger foods (foods that are convenient to eat with your hands 能用手拿着吃的方便食物)
mingle (Mingle = to socialize 陌生人之间的社交)

JJ: I was thinking we should hire a catering service to provide our food . that way we can focus on decorating our new home, we want it to look nice when the guests arrive.

catering service (a service that provides food for an event or party 为特定活动提供餐饮服务)

XG： Great party huh？
JJ： Yeah， it sure is, the music is great, and the food is even better.

it sure is (确实，给与肯定)

XG： Who do you know here? (你都认识这里的谁，注意表达)
JJ： I’m JJ’s friend, we went to school together.

we went to school together (可以表示我们过去时同学)

XG： Oh cool. Xiao Gao and I are on the same basketball team. Nice to meet you. I’m Bob, by the way.

注意口语对话中 by the way 的使用， 顺便介绍一下自己

JJ： I’m Jennifer. Nice to meet you too. Did you get to go on a tour of the place yet? It’s such a nice home. I’m so happy for them

go on a tour of the place (在这个房子里四处转转了吗？) 联想 go on a speed boat tour (来一个快艇游) 注意灵活使用

XG： Yeah, I’m surprised at how much space they have. Anyways, would you like to go grab some refreshments（零食，点心）? I see you’re almost done with your drink. The turkey is splendid（非常好）.

sb is done with sth (某人的sth快做完了/sth快没了) I’m done with my work.

JJ： I’m a vegan（ 严格素食主义者）, so I don’t eat meat. But I’ll join you for some more spirits.

spirits (we just use the word “spirits” to refer to liquor(酒) in general, so we only use it in plural(复数) form (spirits). We can’t say “I’d like a spirit”, instead we should say specifically what kind you want, such as “I’d like a shot of vodka” or “I’d like a glass of whiskey”)

XG: Do you think I could get your phone number? You seem like a really cool person. We’re always looking for more members on our basketball team. It’s open to both guys and girls. Think you’d be interested?

在国外要异性电话就是对对方有好感， 委婉一些可以提出一些借口如（You seem like a really cool person）

2016.5.9 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder （OCD）

JJ： Quit biting your nails, it’s a bad habit.
XG: It’s a bad habit, I’ve done it since I was a kid.
JJ: Sounds like you got OCD, do you do it a lot?
XG: Yeah, pretty often, do you ever tweak out about things like that?

tweak out about sth = freak out about sth = worry about sth

JJ: Sometimes, when I’m about to put my earbuds(塞入式耳机) in to listen to music, I always have to make sure that the R and L are in the correct ear.

be about to do sth(马上要做某事) I’m about to leave. (我马上要离开)

XG： Do you know what else drive me nuts? After I set the alarm at night to wake me up in the morning, I gotta check again like 5 minutes later to make sure I acturally set it.

drive sb nuts/crazy/bonkers/up the wall 让某人抓狂

JJ： Year, sometimes I have to make sure over and over that I locked the door at night before I sleep.

over and over (反复，一遍又一遍）

XG： I can’t stand it when someone doesn’t completely clean the blackboard in school, I feel really weird in class and keep looking at.

I can’t stand it (我不能忍受)

JJ： I remember when I was going to school and our test grades would be out for us to look at, I would never go and see my score.
XG: Sounds like we’re both a little OCD. Hey, what does OCD stand for anyway?
JJ: You tell me! Why don’t you go home and do some research about it?
XG: Geez, is being bossy one of your OCD habits too? (天哪，难道发号施令也是你的强迫症症状之一吗？)
JJ: So, what did you find out about OCD?
XG: it stands for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Basicly it’s when you have a lot of anxiety and you do a lot of repetitive behaviors to make the anxiety go away.

(大致就是说你有很多的焦虑，并且必须通过重复某种行为才让这种焦虑消失。)

JJ: What kinds of behaviors are you talking about? Did you find out about anything new
XG: Yeah I did. Do you know what hoarders(囤积控) are?

herder (牧人)

JJ: * I think so. Aren’t they the people who have to round up a bunch(群) of sheep?*

round up sth (收集 聚集 归拢 )

XG： * No, those are called herders（牧人）, I’m talking about hoarders! H-O-A-R-D-E-R-S. Hoarders! Hoarding is when you keep a lot of things and don’t throw them away, even if they are worthless or meaningless.*
JJ： I don’t know, Xiao Gao… Your room is pretty messy（杂乱的）. Do you think you might ….

messy (指家，办公室，头发杂乱的，小朋友吃饭弄得哪里都是也可以用 )

XG： Hey! My room is messy but it’s not that bad!
JJ： Anyways, do a lot of people suffer from this disorder?
XG： It’s fairly（相当） common. Actually, it’s the fourth-most diagnosed mental（心理的） disorder. One in fifty people have been diagnosed with it in the United States.
JJ： Uh oh! We’re doomed! We probably have it too!

You’re so dead (你死定了) We’re doomed（我们死定了）

XG： Don’t worry! I think we’re okay. I also learned that just because you might have some obsessive behaviors, doesn’t mean that you have OCD.
JJ： Is it treatable?
XG： Yes. The good news is that this mental disorder is treatable with therapy(治疗，疗法) and medication!

2016.5.11 At The Crossroads

JJ: Hey,XG why do you look so stressed out? do you have a lot of homework or something?

stressed out (抓狂)
or something 放在问句的结尾类似汉语的“..吧/吗”

XG： Well， it’s just it, school’s going fine this year… but I’m not sure about next year.

well, it’s just it (就是这么回事)
I’m not sure about sth (不确定sth)

JJ： I don’t get it, you said school’s going fine now, why do you have an issue at school year?

I don’t get it (我没明白) = I don’t understand
You got it (多数是回答对话指“没问题”)

XG: The way things are looking now, I don’t think I’ll be able to fork up enough money for tuition next year.

the way things are looking now (照目前来看)
fork up money = pay a large amount of money.

JJ: That’s not good, so what are you gonna do?
XG: I was planning on working at a factory this summer and saving up some money and maybe take out a student loan, that way, I should be able to go to school next year.

take out a [student] loan (申请助学贷款)
that way (那样的话)
save up (储蓄， 存储)

JJ： Problem solved, right? what are you worrying about?

worry about sth = tweak out about sth = freak out about sth

XG: I got a job offer to work as an English teacher, I wouldn’t be able to go to school on such a low salary, but I think it would be really fun, so now I’m having second thoughts, Maybe I should take the teaching English position instead.

have second thoughts (犹豫，再加思索)
on second thought (经过再次思考)
instead 放在句尾使用

JJ： You have to think this through carefully, On one hand the English teaching job is fun, that’s right, but on the other hand you wouldn’t be able to fulfill your long term goal of getting a bachelor’s degree, I don’t think it’s in your best interests to take the English teaching job

think sth through [carefully] (充分的考虑某事)
on one hand … on the other hand … （一方面… 另一方面…）
fulfill your long term goal (完成/实现长远目标， fulfill 可以指完成目标、需求、愿望)
in one’s best interests (对某人最好的利益， 是某人最好的选择)

XG： *But I think that teaching job will help me in the future to land a better job, don’t you think it will look good on my resume, if I had some teaching experience. *

land a job (获得工作)
注意experience是经验的时候不可数

JJ： It might help, but I think having a bachelor’s degree on your resume will look even better. you really have to weight the pros and cons

在简历上用 on resume
weight the pros and cons (权衡利弊)

XG： *But working in the factory will be so boring, I’d much rather do something that would make me happy, it’s always been one of my dreams *

I would rather do sth(我宁愿做sth)

JJ: Well, that’s part of growing up and being responsible. This experience will make you a better and more responsible person in the future. Trust me, a bachelor’s degree is worth much more than a temporary English teaching job. Plus, you don’t even know for sure if you’ll like teaching English. Anyways, you could always make learning English your hobby at night when you come home from work. Next semester at school, maybe you could take an English elective class. If you’re certain you really like teaching English, then next semester maybe you could tutor a child on the weekend and at the same time make some extra money?

that’s part of growing up （这就是成长的一部分）
A is worth much more than B (A比B更有价值/意义)
elective class (选修课) mandatory class(必修课)
tutor a child (指导孩子，做家教)

XG： Okay, you’ve convinced me. I’m gonna do what’s best for myself and work hard to earn enough money to pay for school! Thanks so much, Jing Jing.

you’ve convinced me (你说服了我)

2016.5.16 Left and Right Handedness

JJ: Have you ever wondered how hard it must be for people who are left-handed(左撇子) to use a computer, the computer mouse is made for right-handed(右撇子) people.

Have you ever wondered … （你有没有想过…）
mouse (鼠标)， wireless mouse (hamster仓鼠， 因为没有尾巴.)

XG: Year, it must be hard, my sister is lefty and she seems to do alright.

lefty (左撇子， 比left-handed 更加口语化)

JJ： So do people choose to be left-handed or is it something that they’re born with?

something that they’re born with (他们与生俱来的，他们生来就有的)

XG： The actual reasons why some people are left-handed are still a little vague（谜）, but scientists think that it has to do with people’s genetics（遗传学，基因学） and the environment they grew up in. Studies also show that about 15% of the population is left-handed.

vague (谜)
the environment they grew up in (注意in不能丢掉， 成长在环境中)
studies/study/research show[s] 研究表明

JJ： So besides holding a pen with their left hand, are there any other differences between left-handers and right-handers?
XG： Actually, yes.
JJ： I heard left-handed people are kinda clumsy（笨拙的）, is that true?
XG： No, it’s not. There are a lot of social stigmas（社会偏见） about left-handed people that are completely false.In reality, left-handed people tend to be more athletic（运动的）. Also, left-handed people seem to have better problem-solving skills.

social stigmas (社会偏见，指根深蒂固的偏见) —— To be a nonreader carries a social stigma.
bias about/against sth (对某事有偏见) bias toward/against sb (对某人.. 的偏见)
outright wrong (完全没有根据的错误)

JJ: Wow, I kinda wish I were left-handed now
XG: Did you know that a lot of famous people were left-handed? Like Barak Obama and Prince William of England.
JJ: That’s really interesting. I’m gonna go home and see what I can learn about right-handed people now. Take care!

A: see ya B: take care / A: take care B: see ya （对话中双方）

XG： See ya.
JJ： So, did you find out anything about right-handed people?

find out sth （调查/查询到sth）

XG： Well, there’s one major plus to being a right-handed person: most items in life are geared towards right-handed people. Everything from water bubblers to door handles.Other than that, there’s really no intellectual advantage to being right-handed.

plus (在此处指“好处，优点”)
gear toward sb (专门为sb制造的)
water bubblers (饮水机) water fountain (户外饮水泉)
other than that (除此之外)

JJ： * So, do right-handed people use the right side of their brain and left-handed people use the left?*
XG： No, it’s actually the opposite. Right-handed people are left-brain oriented and vice versa.

money oriented (金钱导向的)
vice versa (反之亦然)

XG： Are there any people that can use both left and right hands equally well?
JJ： Yes, these people are called ambidextrous（ 双手都使用得非常灵巧的）. It’s incredibly rare, but you can actually teach yourself to become ambidextrous.
XG： Really? So you mean I could teach myself how to use my left hand to do things?
JJ： Yes, but don’t expect it to be a cinch. You might have grey whiskers by the time you master it.

a cinch = walk in a park = a piece of cake
have grey whiskers (白发苍苍，指变老的时候)

XG: Cool,well,I’m gonna go practice some left-handed food eating. You coming?

you coming? (你来吗)

2016.5.23 Personality Traits

XG: Ouch! I just got bit again by another skeeter(蚊子)! I think summer is just around the corner.

Summer is just around the corner (夏天就要来了)

JJ： Yeah, you must have sweet blood.
XG： Well, all I know is that my blood type is “A”, I’m not sure if it’s sweet or not.
JJ： Oh, you know your blood type eh? Did you know that there’s been a lot of research done about blood type in relation to personality?
XG： No, I didn’t,can you enlighten me?

enlighten me (给我讲讲，让我明白受教)

JJ： As you know,there are four possible blood types that a human being can have: A, B, AB, and O. Since you’re A, let me tell you a few things about your personality.
XG： Okay, give it your best shot.

Let me give it a shot (让我试一试)
give it your best shot (你来试试吧)

JJ： Most type As are sensitive to the needs of others and are good listeners.
XG： Yeah, well,doesn’t this describe everyone?
JJ： * Hold on! I’m not done yet! You’re also detail-oriented, creative and inventive. On the outside, you seem really calm, but on the inside, you are filled with anxiety and worry.*

on the outside (在外表看来) on the inside (在内心看来)

XG： You’re lying! I think you are describing me on purpose.

… on purpose (… 是故意的)

JJ： I’m not kidding! The research really shows this. Also, type As are usually shy and sensitive, and a lot of them are perfectionists（完美主义者）.
XG： That’s me to a T!

.. to a T (表示准确极了，完全精准的描述)

JJ： Romantically,type As work best with other type As and ABs.

Romantically (感情上说)

XG： What do type As end up doing for jobs?
JJ: Common type A career choices include accountants, librarians, economists, computer programmers and writers.
XG: I was once a computer programmer! Does it say anything about us being really stressed out(压力大)?I’m usually pretty tense（紧张） during the day.
JJ： Yes it does,actually. Most type As often bottle up anxiety in order to get along with others. Many of them are tense, impatient, and unable to sleep well.

bottle up emotions [anxiety] (把焦虑藏起来，想象瓶子装起来一个东西并且把瓶塞塞上，在感情藏在心里，不告诉别人，也不释放出来)

XG： Ahh! It’s like you’re reading my mind! What blood type are you? Tell me now!!

read my mind (读心)

JJ： That’s for you to determine. Go home and research all the different blood types, then let’s see if you can guess it correctly!
XG: Okay, Jingjing, I’ve done my research. I think I know which blood type you are.
JJ: Oh yeah? Which one?
XG: You’re a type B!
JJ: You’re right.But how did you come to that conclusion?

come to that conclusion. (怎么得出这个结论，有一个循序渐进的过程在里面)

XG: Well, it said type Bs are easygoing(随和的), creative, original and flexible.
JJ： Can you say something more concrete（具体的）?
XG： Well, it says that type Bs are globally-oriented people. Also, it says that you learn best through listening. On top of that（并且）, it says you are goal-oriented and ambitious.

on top of that (并且)

JJ： It’s true, I am good at listening, that’s why I like working on the radio.
XG： * It also said you aren’t a very picky person, and you don’t worry about little things too much.*

a picky person (一个挑剔的人，计较的人)

JJ: Yup, for example, I don’t say anything to you when you come to work dressed like a slob (没有条理，邋遢的人).
XG: Hey! That wasn’t very nice.
JJ: How about romance-wise?

romance-wise (感情方面，感情角度)
time-wise (时间方面，时间角度)

XG： Type Bs do best with other type Bs and ABs.

do best with others = work together well.

JJ: Anything else?
XG: Basically, you are thoughtful like type As and ambitious like Os. It’s a very interesting blood type. But do you know what the smoking gun was that made me convinced you were blood type B?

smoking gun (让你破案的线索，确凿证据， 想象冒烟的枪，破案的线索)

JJ： No, what was it?
XG： Common career choices for type B, such as cooks, military leaders（军官）, talk show hosts and journalists!
JJ： That’s me,indeed! Good job, Greg! So we talked about blood type As and blood type Bs, but do you remember me telling you there was also a blood type AB?

do you remember sb doing sth

XG: Yeah, Ido, I found them to be the most interesting of all!
JJ: Me too. Not surprisingly, they have both A and B traits(特性).Sometimes they’re shy and outgoing（外向的，extroverted）, hesitant and confident.
XG: Type ABs often stand out like a sore thumb among other types. They are trustworthy and like to help others.

stand out like a sore thumb （杰出，突出，鹤立鸡群）
trustworthy (可靠的)

JJ： They also think logically and are determined to do things correctly.

think logicaly/emotionally/rationally (逻辑、感性、理性)

XG： Type ABs can find a soul mate with any other blood type.

soul mate （灵魂伴侣）

JJ： Did you know that both John F. Kennedy and Marilyn Monroe are type ABs?
XG： Yeah, what a coincidence! What’s even more interesting is that only about 2%～5% of the population are blood type AB.

what a coincidence (太巧了)

JJ： They’re really charming（迷人的，可爱的） and popular. They don’t sweat the small stuff.

sweat the small stuff (不拘小节，不纠结于小事情, 不为小事烦心)

XG： So what do type ABs usually do for work?
JJ： Well, some common type AB careers are bartenders（调酒师）, lawyers, teachers and sales people（销售）.
XG： There’s never a dull moment in a type ABs life. If you can find one for a friend, consider yourself lucky! Well, we’ve talked about A, B, and AB. We haven’t even said a thing about type O yet.

There’s never a dull moment in sth (在sth上一点也不单调) There’s never a dull moment in GFG
consider yourself lucky (你实在太幸运了)

JJ： Type Os are really unique. They’re responsible, decisive（有决心的）, organized（有条理的）, and practical（务实的）.
XG： That’s right. Type Os are shot callers. They often end up being bankers,politicians, gamblers（赌徒）, investment brokers（投资经纪人）, and pro athletes

shot caller (法令开枪的人，指“决策人”)

JJ： They tend to be loners（独行侠） or leaders and are self-reliant（自立的） and daring（勇敢的）.
XG： They cope with stress better than any other blood types and don’t get sick that much.

cope with sth (处理sth) （可以再也不用handle了， 欧耶）

JJ： They also have a strong build （健康的体魄）and like to stay active.
XG： Being hard-headed（头脑清晰冷静的） and determined to succeed helps them to reach their goals.

be determined to do sth (决心要做某事)
reach one’s goal (实现目标)

JJ： They’re also really creative and are often the center of attention.

the center of attention (关注的焦点) Children offen wanna be the center of attention.

XG: That’s right, they are the social butterflies that you meet in life from time to time.

social butterfly (善于交际的，没有贬义)
from time to time (不时，有时）

JJ： What I found most interesting is that they seem to use their five senses better than the other blood types.
XG： Well, now we know a lot more about different blood types. I’m still surprised at how accurately it described me.

be surprised at sth (吃惊… )

2016.6.1 Awesome Brand New Book Is Out

JW: Hey, Anya. How’s it hanging? What are you doing

how’s it hanging? = what’s going on? = how you’re doing ? （最近怎么样）

AY: I’m listening to Going for Gold. Normally I’d be studying the book, but I’ve already gone through the whole thing

normally (一般来说)
Go through the whole thing = to finish something entirely, front to back (完成某事)

JW: Oh, I love Going for Gold. I can’t imagine life without it.

I can’t imagine life without it (标准句型，注意使用，“不敢想象生活没有它会怎样”)

AY： Me too. I bought Jing Jing and Xiao Gao’s first book last year. Also, I listen to their show using an app on my phone. I like to look at the script（文本） on WeChat
JW： :I get home from work pretty late at night, but Jing Jing always hosts an evening show online for those of us who like to self-study（自学）. I’ve gotten so much out of it. I’ve learned so many native phrases(用语，短语)!

I’ve gotten so much out of it (我觉得收获很大)

AY: This is the best program I’ve ever listened to. It totally changed the way I study English. I wasn’t learning native stuff in the past, in fact it was mostly Chinglish（中式英语）. By following Going for Gold, not only have I learned how to express myself, but I’ve learned correct pronunciation and have gained confidence in speaking.

gain confidence (获得自信) improve confidence (提升自信)

JW： The first book was awesome because it came with an MP3 CD. The second book is even better because you can download the dialogues for free. I’m definitely buying the second book so I can keep learning.

sth1 came with sth2 (sth1随身附带sth2)

AY： :I’ve already passed the show on to several of my friends, classmates, and even family members. I really liked watching Xiao Gao’s videos that he used to post on Weibo. I hope he posts more in the future. It was a great way to learn!

pass sth on to sb = to share [something] with other people (多指口头分享)
post (发布东西)

JW： I heard there was a way to get an autographed copy of the new book. Is that true?

autographed copy of the new book (新书的签名版)

AY： Yeah, we just have to follow Jing Jing’s Weibo account and forward comments about the book, then we’ll be eligible for a raffle（抽奖）. They’ll announce the winners on the weekend.

be eligible for sth/doing sth (有资格做某事)

JW： I heard this book is a limited edition. I’d better hurry up and buy it!

limited edition (限量版)
I’d better hurry up and buy it! (我得赶紧入手)

AY： Yeah, what are you waiting for? Next Monday will be the first class of the new book. I’m gonna participate more in the WeChat challenges each week, because the more I practice, the better I get. This is another reason why I love this radio show so much!
JW： Hey, we forgot the most important part: Going for Gold is free! We can learn so many things without paying anything. That is so awesome!

so much feedback (注意用much)

2016.6.6 Bad Habits

JJ: Pee yew! What’s that awful smell?

Pee yew (咿呀, 口语化的表达， 通常和 what’s that awful smell 什么味道这么难闻)

XG: Don’t look at me! I took a shower today!

take a shower (洗澡，指淋浴) shower 也可以当动词使用， I showered today (我今天洗澡了)

JJ： *No, I mean… something smells like smoke. *
XG： Oh, I recently picked up a bad habit. I started smoking a few weeks ago

pick up a bad habit （养成一个坏习惯）

JJ： Really? Why did you start doing that?

Why did you start doing that (你是怎样开始的？ )

XG： I bummed a cigarette from my friend one day. After that, I got hooked.

bum (to ask someone for something without intending to pay for it), (有一天我从我朋友那儿顺了一根烟)
get hooked [on sth] ([对某事]上瘾)

JJ： Well, I think you should kick the habit!

kick the habit (改掉那个习惯)

XG： I want to, but it’s really hard!
JJ： You know what they say: Bad habits are like comfortable beds, easy to get into, hard to get out of.

you know what they say [that]…(俗话说…)

XG: You can say that again. So, do you have any suggestions on how to quit?

you can say that again (你说的太对了，用以表示“肯定”)
suggestions on … (…的建议)

JJ： I heard the patch（戒烟贴片） works really well. Why don’t you give it a try and see if it helps?
XG： Okay, I’ll give it a shot. Talk to you later!
JJ： Hey, Xiaogao.Were you able to quit smoking yet?
XG： * Yes, thank God! It was really hard, but I finally did it.*

It was really hard, but I finally did it (可以常用，表示经过一番努力取得成功，很有成就感的感脚)

JJ： I’m sure it was, after all, old habits die hard. So did you use the patch?

old habits die hard (旧习难改)

XG： No, the patch was a rip off, so I didn’t buy it.

sth is a rip off (…太贵了)

JJ： So how did you do it?
XG： I went cold turkey. It’s the cheapest and most effective method there is.

go/went code turkey (采用简单粗暴的方法, 立刻完全停止做某事，不借助任何药物的帮助，也不给自己留时间慢慢来)

JJ： Wow, good for you! How do you feel now? Did you have any withdrawals?

withdrawal (副作用，瘾。因为没有获得足够自己已经上瘾的物质，例如咖啡因、尼古丁、酒精等，而造成的难受的感觉)
phisical suffering

XG： For the first three days I had a headache,after that it was smooth sailing.

smooth sailing (一帆风顺)

JJ： Well, I’m glad you’ve given yourself a new lease of life. In the future, don’t bum anymore cigarettes!

a new lease of life=新面貌，在经历一段艰辛后迎来的崭新生活
don’t bum anymore cigarettes (以后可别再沾烟了)

XG: I learned my lesson, I won’t make that mistake again!

I learned my lesson.=吸取了教训。指某人犯过一次错误后，不会再犯类似的错误。
I won’t make that mistake again = 我不会再犯那样的错

2016.6.13 Getting Along with Co-workers

XG: Ohhh, Jingjing! I have been having the worst time at work lately! My co-workers are driving me up the wall.

drive sb nuts/crazy/up the wall/bonkers/ lose sb’s nerve

JJ: Well, you came to the right person. You know I’m always here to listen when you want to vent your feelings. So what’s up? Who is bothering you and why?

you came to the right person (你问对人了)
vent one’s feelings (吐槽，发泄情绪)

XG： Well, my cube mate, Jerry, smacks gum all day. It’s so distracting（分心的） and discourteous（无礼的）!

cubicle的口语化简称 cube (指办公室的工位)
smack gum (嚼口香糖出声音)
slurp smack （都指出声音的咀嚼东西）

JJ： Have you ever thought about asking him to not chew so loudly? Or how about asking your boss if you can change cubicles?

have you ever thought about sth

XG: I’ve thought about that, but we’re working on the same project together, I don’t want to make him upset. Anyways, I can live with this problem, but there’s some other things at work that are making me lose my nerve too.

work on sth
make sb upset （让某人心烦）
live with sth (忍受sth)
lose my nerve （忍无可忍，让我抓狂）

JJ： Yeah? Like what?

like what（什么事？）, like who（比如谁？）, like when（什么时候）

XG： My other co-worker, Bob, takes all the credit for the work I do. I designed a website last week for our company, Bob only edited two pictures, but he told everyone that he did the whole thing! It’s so unfair!

take all the credit for sth （抢功占为己有）

JJ： Yeah, I feel you. That’s happened to me a couple times too. I suggest you tell Bob that he isn’t being a team player. You have a right to tell him how much it upset you, but be careful not to lose your temper and start screaming at him. He probably doesn’t realize what he did.

I feel you (我理解你 I understand you)
you have a/every/the right to do sth
lose one’s temper (失态，发脾气)
scream/yell at sb （大吼大叫某人）

XG： You’re probably right. Wow, you sure know a lot about this kind of situation.Can you give me some more advice?

can you give me some more advice? = can I pick your brains?

JJ: I tell you what, it’s almost lunch time. Let’s go sit down at a restaurant and I’ll tell you some rules of thumb for dealing with difficult people at work.

a rule of thumb=经验法则，为适宜的行为提供指导
deal with sb （和某人相处，打交道）

Jingjing and Xiaogao sit down at a restaurant and begin their conversation
JJ: Alright, Xiaogao, rule number one: when you’re at work, make sure you always carry your own weight.That means you should always do what’s asked of you and try not to let other co-workers pick up the slack.

carry your own weight (做好分内的事，不能要求别人为你做)
pick up the slack (替别人做他们应该做但没有做的)

XG: Okay, that I can do. But what about when my co-workers are in a grumpy mood? Sometimes I want to lash out at them.

grumpy（mood）=脾气暴躁，生气或不友善
lash out at sb （向某人发火）， yell at sb, lay into sb(痛斥某人)
I am so gonna do (我特别想做)

JJ: That brings me to rule number two: no matter how other people act at work, you should always maintain a professional attitude. That means you should talk to people with respect at all times. If something bothers you, you can talk to your boss or the HR department.

maintain a professional attritude (保持专业的态度)

XG： I have another co-worker who sits close to me, her name is Amanda. She’s always on the phone with her boyfriend talking up a storm. It’s really distracting, just like Jerry chewing his gum(没有复数形式，本身就是复数). What should I do about that? She’s a girl, is it okay to confront her about it?

She’s always on the phone with her boyfriend talking up a storm,It’s really distracting (她总是和她的男朋友煲电话粥。这真的很让人分心)
talk up a storm (滔滔不绝的讲)
confront sb (直面某人)

JJ： Of course it’s okay. Just remember to stay professional and ask nicely. She probably doesn’t realize that she’s being a chatterbox. If you ask her nicely I’m sure she’ll keep her voice down.

She probably doesn’t realize that she’s being a chatterbox (她可能没有意识到自己一直在喋喋不休)
keep her voice down

XG: Thanks for all your advice. I have to get back to work now, wish me luck.
JJ: One last thing, Xiaogao. Just remember that the most important thing at work is getting along with your co-workers. If you have a bad relationship with them, then you will start to hate your job, or maybe your coworkers will despise(鄙视) you. A happy workplace is a healthy workplace!

XG： Got it. Okay, I gotta run. Talk to you later!
JJ： Hey, Xiaogao! You didn’t pay the bill! Waaaaiiit! Oh… forget it!

pay the bill (买单)
forget it （算了吧）

2016.6.20 A Fork in a Road

XG: Hey, Jing Jing,why do you look so vexed?

vexed = annoyed (心烦意乱的)

JJ: I’ve come to a fork in the road, I don’t know what to do. Can you give me some advice?

Come to a fork in the road = be in a position where you must make a tough decision (人生做重要决定的关口)
give sb some advice/pointers/tips （给某人建议）

XG： Sure, I’ll trymy best. What’s up?
JJ： Well, I’ve been working as an RN at an ICU unit for the past four years, but I feel like I’ve hit a plateau. It’s the same thing over and over, the night shift is really taking a toll on me. But three years ago, a teacher got me thinking, and I started to look into nursing overseas. I began to study professional English with the hopes of one day working as a nurse abroad.

RN (Registered Nurse) 注册护士
ICU (Intensive Care Unit) 重症监护室
hit a plateau = to be unable to make any more progress (到达瓶颈处)
overcome / break out/ surmount the plateau 克服瓶颈
night shift/day shift (夜班/白班)
take a toll on sb = If something takes its/a toll, it causes suffering, deaths, or damage
get one thinking (启发，给了某人一个灵感)
look into (钻研，研究)

XG： It sounds like a no-brainer.What’s holding you back?

no-brainer = requiring no thought; an easy decision (不需要费脑子的决定)
hold sb back = make [one] hesitate （让人犹豫不决）

JJ： I took a test in Singapore from the SNB and passed with flying colors. Just as I was about to make my next move, my parents and boyfriend complained that I shouldn’t go abroad to be a nurse. They’re worried that I won’t be able to adapt to the way of life and work environment over there. And once I go to work abroad, I’ll lose my job here in China. My parents don’t have really high expectations of me, they’ve never demanded that I find a super high paying job. As long as I am near their side they’ll be happy.

pass with flying colors (高分通过)
have high expectations of/on sb (对某人有很高的期待)

XG： Well I think that might be the problem right there. Look at what you’re saying: it will make your parents happy if you stay at the same hospital. Did they ever consider what would make you happy? If you’ve studied English so hard and are able to pass the Singapore test, why should they be worried about you not being able to adapt to life abroad?

I think that might be the problem right there (我觉得这可能就是问题的所在)
be adapt to env/sth (适应…)

JJ: What they don’t know is, Singapore was just my first step. My ultimate goal is to go to America to work as an RN. I’m confused about that too. Should I first use Singapore as a stepping stone and work there for a bit, or should I go directly to the United States to work?

ultimate goal (终极目标，最终目标)
stepping stone (垫脚石，敲门砖)

XG： That’s a tough call. Considering you’re only 27 years old, you’re still young and can do many things. If you wait any longer, you might miss your chance. I think going to Singapore first would be a good idea because you can prepare for what it feels like to work abroad. You might also learn important skills there that will help you when you go to the United States to work. I’m 32 years old. I’m preparing to start my second Master’s degree. I had to make this decision on my own.Taking a risk and coming to China was the best decision I ‘ve ever made in my life.

tough call = a hard decision
make a call = make a decision
you never too old to learn sth new
take a risk (冒险)

JJ： Okay, I’m starting to feel better now. But what if I can’t find a job anywhere?
XG: Unless people stop becoming sick, you’ll be able to find a job as a nurse anywhere on Earth. Good luck to you!

2016.6.22 Saying Goodbye

XG: Well, Jingjing, I’m afraid I’m going to have to cut my stay short here in Beijing.

cut my stay short (提前离开) We had to cut short our holiday because Richard was ill.

JJ: What? You mean you’re gonna split(离开)? Why? I thought you liked it here?
XG： Don’t worry, I’ll be back. I’m just going home to straighten out my visa.

strainghten sth out / out sth = to solve a problem or to deal successfully with a confusing situation (解决问题)

  • Once we get these problems straightened out, we should be all right.
    straighten sb out = to improve someone’s behaviour
  • I thought that once he got a girlfriend that would straighten him out.

JJ: Oh, okay, phew! Well, when are you coming back?

phew (那还好，哎呀，你吓死我了，语气词，指松了一口气)

XG: Probably in a month or so. But I have to leave soon. My visa expires in a couple of days so it’s a race against the clock to get back home as soon as possible.

Probably in a month or so (一个月左右，注意 or so)
race against the clock=分秒必争，指着急

JJ: Oh, I see. Well, when you come back hopefully you’ll have all the time in the world. It’s no fun being pressed for time. Hey, do you have anyone that will send you to the airport?

have all time in the world (有大量的时间; 指不必担心或有压力)
It’s no fun being pressed for time(这么紧迫实在太痛苦了)
pressed for time (时间紧迫)

XG: No, I was gonna take a cab there. Unless…

take a cab (坐出租车)

JJ： Of course I’ll take you! You know you don’t have to ask that!

注意You know you don’t have to ask that! 语气

XG： Really? You’re the greatest!
JJ： I know I am! What time does your flight leave?

I know I am (比较骄傲的说：我也这么认为的)
What time does your flight[交通工具] leave? （你的航班几点起飞）

XG： Nine in the morning, do you think you can handle that?

handle (搞定，此处以为来得及吗)

JJ： I’ll be at your place at 6:00 on the dot. See you then!

on the dot/sharp(准时准点，只能用在整点, 如7:00 on the dot，不能说7:15 on the dot

XG： I must say, Jingjing. I have to take my hat off for you, you said you’d be at my place at 6:00 sharp and you were. I really appreciate it!

I got to say/ I got to tell you (老实说)
take my hat for sb (脱帽致敬)
I really appreciate it

JJ: No problem, you know I always keep my word. Well, right now it’s only 7:00. You still have some time to kill before your plane leaves.

keep my word (说话算话)
you have my word (保密 不泄密) renege on our deal/go back on your words/go back on your promise 反悔
have some time to kill=有空闲时间来消磨

XG: Okay, let’s go get a cup of coffee. It’s my treat. (Xiaogao saysto the coffee shop worker) Two cups of coffee please.

It’s my treat (我请客)

JJ: Wow! This coffee is so strong! It just about knocked my socks off! I don’t usually drink coffee this early in the morning.

knock one’s socks off=（通常指口味或气味）非常浓烈。例如，一杯二锅头会“knock

XG: Yeah, this is some good stuff. You know, Jingjing, I’m really gonna miss you.
JJ: Now is not the time to get all emotional. Here, I brought you a going away gift.

现在还不是催泪的时候。看，我给你带了一个告别礼物

XG: A gift? Why did you do that?
JJ: It’s common for Chinese to give a gift when someone is coming or going. You didn’t know?
XG: * No, I didn’t. That’s so nice of you. Can I open it?*
JJ: Be my guest.

be my guest = of course 请便

XG: Cool! A new watch! I needed a new one!
JJ: * I’m glad you like it.*
(The loud speaker at the airport says Now boarding flight1423 to Detroit.) That’s my flight. I gotta bounce(颠了，离开). Thanks for everything,Jingjing. I’ll see you when I get back.

2016.6.27 Meeting Someone at The Airport

M: Hey! Long time no see! Thanks so much for picking me up!

pick up sb/skill/knowledge/friend

JJ: No problem! Your plane was a little late coming in. You must be beat!

You must be beat (你一定累了吧) I’m beat 反义 I’m wired

M: I’m fine, I chugged a bunch of coffee on the plane, so now I’m wired.

chug （a drink）=灌（饮料） drink a lot of sth very quickly
wired=相其兴奋的

JJ: So? How was your trip? Tell me all about it.
M: I had a great time. It was really nice to see my family. I just wish that I could have stayed a little longer.
JJ: Well, you know what they say:all good things must come to an end. You should just be happy that you even got to go on vacation at all. I’ve been working here the past month, lucky you!

you know what they say, all good things must come to an end (一切美好的事物都会有尽头，天下无不散的筵席)
go on vacation

M: That’s true! Oh, I almost forgot, I got a present for you while I was in America. Here you go, hope you like it!

here you go 就是给你.. there you go 有点类似归还东西

JJ: Thanks… but what is it?
M: It’s a voodoo doll（巫毒娃娃）.
JJ： A what doll?
M: A voodoo doll. I bought it in New Orleans（新奥尔良） where voodoo is heavily practiced（盛行）. This doll will bring you luck and protection. I hope it works!
JJ： Cool, I love it! I hope you didn’t spend too much money on it?
M: Nah, in New Orleans they’re a dime a dozen.

a dime a dozen=常见而便宜的东西

JJ: Okay, that’s good. Let’s hit the road now. We should get back home before the sun goes down.

hit the road (上路)
sun goes down (太阳落山)

M: Well, we finally made it.Thanks again for the ride, Jingjing.

give me a ride (载我一程)

JJ： Don’t mention it.
M: By the way, can I give you some gas money?
JJ: Don’t worry about it. Just take me to the airport next month when I go to see my parents and we’ll be even.

we’ll be even (我们就扯平了)

M: Okay, cool. Hey, why don’t you come in and drink a glass of lemonade(柠檬水) with me before you go home? It’s the least I could do for you.
JJ： That sounds like it will hit the spot! It seems like this heat wave will never end! Hey, while we’re at it how about we watch a DVD too?

hit the spot (正中要害，正合我意)
heat wave (热浪，不能用hot， hot weather, heat wave)

M: I’d love to, but I have to wake up at the crack of dawn tomorrow to go to work.

crack of dawn (破晓)

JJ： Really? Geez（天啊）, I never knew you were such an early bird.

early bird/night owl

M: Yup… Don’t you wake up early to go to work too?
JJ: Not as early as you. I’m more of a night owl. I like staying up late and working on my computer.

I’m more of a night owl (我其实是个夜猫子)

M: Oh… Well, let’s go inside and get that ice cold glass of lemonade that’s waiting for us!

dog days of summer (had nothing to do，闲着，像夏天狗热了躺在地上什么也不干)

2016.7.4 Don’t text and drive

M: Ah! Jingjing! I’m in a grind!

I’m in a grind/bind (我好痛苦，不方便，尴尬， 指精神情感的，不是身体上的)

JJ: What’s the matter? You look like you’ve seen a ghost! （你看起来像见了鬼一样）
M: Yeah, I just got in a wreck. My parents are gonna bite my head off.

get in a wreck (出了车祸，基本上就是报销了，成本大于2000美元)
fender bender (车祸，成本小于2000美元，可以修理)
bite sb head off (yell at sb, 大喊大叫，指非常生气)

JJ： Really? Are you okay? How about your car?
M: I’m fine, but my car is totaled! They gave that car to me last year when I graduated college, it cost thirty grand! I don’t know what to do!

totaled (“完蛋了”， 不能直接说totaled，需要结合上下文， I wrecked my car totally)
grand (1000美元)

JJ： Just stay calm! Accidents happen. I’m sure it wasn’t your fault.

stay calm (保持冷静)

M: Actually it was. I really goofed up, Jingjing. I was texting and driving. I wasn’t paying attention to the road.

goofed up/messed up/screw up (出大错，搞砸了)
text (可以动词使用， I’ll text you， 我会给你发信息)

JJ： Mark! What’s gotten into you? That doesn’t seem like something you’d do!

what’s gotten into you (你是怎么想的？ 脑袋进水了吗)

M: I know. I don’t know what I was thinking. Jingjing, what am I supposed to do?!

what am I supposed to do (what should I do? 但是前者更常用，表达更好一点)

JJ： Look, you need to be blunt with your parents and tell them what happened. I’m sure they’ll forgive you! After all, they’re your parents.

be blunt with sb (坦率的说，不顾及对方感受，有点简单粗暴，只是如实说出来)

M: Okay, I’m gonna go home now and spill the beans.

spill the beans (如是说，更强调实话实说，注意和be blunt with sb 的区别)

JJ： So? How did it go with your parents? Are they ticked off?

ticked off (生气，之前忍了几次了 这次彻底爆发了， 忍无可忍)

M: No. They were more worried than anything. They were just happy I wasn’t hurt. The good news is that the insurance will cover the cost of the car.

cover the cost of the car (保险公司将会赔付我汽车的损失)

JJ: Wow, it sounds like they are letting you off pretty easy. What’s the catch?

let sb off pretty easy(放你一马，很容易的放过你)
what’s the catch (有什么条件)

M: The catch is that they are making me pay the deductable(抵扣款), and they told me I’m not allowed to send text for a month.
JJ： No text messages? I think I would go bananas! I love sending texts. I bet you can’t wait for this month to go by, huh?

go bananas (疯掉了，但是没有伤害的，no harm)

M: That’s right, next month I’ll be like a dog with two tails. Although, I swear I’ll never send another text while driving again.

I’ll be like a dog with two tails (恢复自由了，指非常高兴)

JJ： Look on the bright side, at least you’ll save a lot of money this month by not having to send texts. Texting can be expensive.

look on the bright/down/dark side (往好处/坏处想)

M: That’s true! I never thought about that. With all this left over money(省下来的钱), I think I might go buy some books that I’ve been wanting to read.
JJ： See, Mark. This whole ordeal（磨难） has turned out to be a blessing in disguise.

turn out to be a blessing in disguise (因祸得福)

M: Hey, how come you always seem to cheer me up? Do you have magical powers or something?

cheer sb up (鼓励某人，激励某人)

JJ： No, I’m just awesome!（我就是天才，比较骄傲的口吻） That’s all…

英语语法

定语从句

定语从句相关基本概念
  1. 定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句
  2. 定语从句结构：先行词 + 引导词 + 定语从句
  3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
  4. 定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后
  5. 引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词和关系副词）
  • 关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as
  • 关系副词：when/where/why
引导词的功能
  1. 连接先行词和定语从句。（相当于桥梁）
  • *I like the book which I bought. *
  1. 在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）。
  • *This is the man who studied with me. *（关系代词做主语）
  • This is the man with whom I studied. * (关系代词做宾语, 将介词提前)
定语从句类型

定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，以下是简单例子说明：

  • This is the house which I bought last month （限制性定语从句）
  • The house, which I bought last month, is very nice (非限定性定语从句)

(一) 限制性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间无逗号隔开）

  • The man who you’re talking to is my friend.
  • The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.
  • I need a pencil with which I can write a letter
  • I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter
  • *The man (who/whom/that 都可以) I talked about at the meeting is from Peking University. *
  • The man about whom I talked at the meeting）is from Peking University.
  • The palace (which/that 都可以) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.
  • The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century

总结： 介词可以放到关系代词之前也可以放在句子末尾，放在关系代词之前是很地道的书写方式，介词只能加宾语，于是只有 介词+which 和 介词+whom两种形式， who在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语，作宾语可以与whom互换，但是如果有介词，必须要用whom， 另外paper单独指论文，一页纸要用a piece of paper, 北京大学要用Peking University，BJ University指北京的大学。

(二) 非限制性定语从句 （主句和定于从句之间有逗号分隔）
当当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的

  • Charles Smith, who was my former teacther, retired last year
  • My house, which I bought last month, has got a lovely garden
  • The novel, which I have reading three times, is very touching

非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦

由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导

  • I live in a house far away from city, in front of which is a big tree. 其中far away from city 做后置定语
  • There is an apple tree standing there at the gate, on which are many apples

由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指人用whom,指物用which)引导。One, some, any, none,all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。

  • He has five children, two of whom are abroad. (He has five children, and two of them are abroad. 外国人不喜欢重复，所以将连词去掉并且把them换成which， 因为这里which就是指代them)
  • We have three books, none of which is/are interesting. (We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting 道理同上)

whose引导非限定性定语从句

  • The house, whose window faces South, is mine

注意： 关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句

引导词（关系代词）that/which/who用法详解

（一） 当先行词是物时，关系代词(that/which)只用that的情况

  1. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that, 当然that也可以省略
    This is the best film that has been shown this year.
    This is the first book that I borrow from the library
    He is the first student that/who came to school today (student 是人，所以可以用who)
  2. 当先行词为两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时，只能用that
    He talked about the teachers and the school that he had visited.
  3. 当先行词本身是all的，只能用that
    All that(what) I want to say to you is “Thank you” (all that=what)
    Go over all that (what) we learned
  4. 先行词为something, anything, nothing, everything, thing时, 只能用that
    I’ll tell you anything that I know.
  5. 当先行词前有all, much, little, many, (a) few, every, some, any, no, only, the very, one of, the only, the last, the next等修饰语时
    This is one of the books in which I’m very interested （有介词就要用which）
    This is the only book that I read.
    He is the only one of the boys that likes playing the piano.
  6. 当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时，用that引导以避免混淆．
    Who is the man that is talking with the lady?
    Which of you that know the answer can come to the front?
  7. 当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时，用that
    He likes the girl that sheused to be.

（二）当先行词是物时，关系代词(that/which)只用which的情况

  1. 作介宾且介词置于引导词之前时．
    The room in which he lives is very large.
  2. 引导非限定性定语从句时（主，宾都用which,都不能省略）
    Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
    The house, which I visited yesterday, is very large.
  3. which指整个句子的内容或部分内容，引导非限定性定语从句
    He always makes fun of me, which upsets me.

（三）其他特殊情况

  1. 先行词是these, those指人时，关系代词只用who
    Those who are playing over there are my students
  2. 先行词是人称代词(he, she…)时，关系代词只用who
    He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man
  3. 不定代词someone, anyone,everyone, no one, somebody, anybody, everybody作先行词时，关系代词用who
    Anybody who breaks the rules would be pubnished (注意是breaks，Anybody在意思上指“全部”， 语法上只做第三人称单数用)
  4. 先行词是the only one of +可数名词复数，在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语用单数形式, 因为此时限定的是the only one 注意以下两个例句定语从句speak的形式区别
    He is the only one of the students who(口语)/that speaks Japanese in our class
    He is one of the students who speak Japanese in our class
  5. 当先行词是the way, 在定语从句中充当方式状语时（the way表＂以…方式／方法＂），引导词通常用that或省略，也可用in which．
    I don’t like the way (that) you speak
    I don’t like the way in which you speak
  6. 关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当一个句子成分，因此要注意避免从句中句子成分的重复出现
    This isthe most beautiful place that I have visited it. (错误: it重复，that在这里已经做宾语 ）
    his isthe most beautiful place thatI have visited
  7. 定语从句中关系代词或关系副词的选择取决于它们在从句中所充当的句子成分。如作主语和宾语用关系代词；作状语，用关系副词
    I’ll never forget the day when I went abroad myself.我永远记得我独自在国外的日子, （这里的the day 是一个抽象的概念，指一段日子）
    I’ll never forget the days that we spent together.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那些天/日子, (这里的the days是一个具体的概念)

the day (minute)等表时间的单数名词后+关系副词when （表抽象的一段时间）
the days(minutes)等表时间的复数名词后+关系代词that 、which （表具体的一段时间）

定从经典组合（介词+关系代词）十大难点

Note: 介词+关系代词主要看结构
（一） 介词+which在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when,where和why，介词+which合化 when/where/why

  1. I still remember the day on which(when) I first came to school （我仍然记得当初来学校的那一天）

理解： I came to school on the day.
2. The factory in which(where) I work is a large one. (我工作的工厂是一个大工厂)
理解： factory不可能做work的宾语（工作工厂）， 是在工厂工作， I work in the factory
3. This is the reason for which(why) he was late (这就是他为什么迟到的原因)
理解： reason不可能做late的宾语， be late for因为什么迟到

（二） 介词+which（指物）/ whom（指人）在定语从句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，定语从句主谓一般要倒置。 打南边来了一个喇嘛；背上背着一个胖娃娃

  1. They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy 他来到一处农舍，(农舍)前边坐着一个小男孩。

理解： a small boy sat in front of the farm house（此时a small boy是主语， sat 是谓语）, 地点状语做主语之后，主谓倒装， a small boy 做sat的宾语
2. I saw a man,on the head of whom stood a bird.
理解： 道理同上 a bird stood on the head of a man. 地点状语在前，主谓倒装

（三） 介词+ which（指物）/ whom（指人）在定语从句中作目的、方式或地点状语。这种结构中的介词一般受动词或介词后的名词所制约。找定语从句里的动词看它应该搭配什么介词

  1. Could you tell me for whom you brought this coat (你能告诉我这件衣服是给谁买的吗？)

理解： buy sth for sb, for whom 在此处是目的，指给某人
2. The man, from whom I learned the news, is an engineer. (这人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这消息的。)
理解： learn sth from sb ，此处是方式

（四） 介词+which/whom，用于被动结构的定语从句中，作状语，说明动作的发出者。 被动的使用是为了更加强调动作发出者的厉害

  1. The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot (伤害羊的那只狼被打死了)

理解： the sheep was killed by the wolf, 上面句子中的which就是表示the wolf.
2. The man by whom the wolf was shot was a good hunter. 打死狼的那人是个好猎手。
理解： the wolf was shot by the man, 上面句子中的whom表示the man

倒装句

英语倒装结构的六大形式详解

（一） 否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little,hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：

  1. I shall never forgive him -> Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
  2. He seldom goes out for dinner -> Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。
  3. She hardly has time to listen to music -> Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。
  4. He little realizes how important this meeting is -> Little doeshe realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性
  5. We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off -> No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。

注意： in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。

(二) only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：

  1. Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。
  2. Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
  3. Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。

(三) so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装

  1. The weather was so cold that we had to stay at home. -> So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。
  2. Light travels so fast that we can hardly imagine its speed -> So fastdoes light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
  3. The attack was so sudden that we had no time to escape -> So suddenwas the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。

总结： 此类型的原句就是so…that (如此.. 以至于..)

(四) so+助动词+主语”倒装当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者

You are young and so am I. (你年轻，我也年轻) 注意： 不能省略and, so am I 是一个句子，需要连接
She likes music and so do I. (她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢）
If he can do it,so can I. (要是他能做此事，我也能) 注意“逗号”的使用， 条件从句
若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor
You aren’t young and neither am I. (你不年轻，我也不年轻)
She hasn’t read it and nor have I. (她没有读它，我也没有读)
注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别, 此种情况不需要倒装
A: “It was cold yesterday.(昨天很冷)” B: “So it was. (的确很冷)”
A: “Father, you promised.(爸爸，你答应过的)” B: “Well,so I did. （嗯，是答应过）”
注意： so + adj/adv 基本可以互换such a/an + adj + n, such开头的也要倒装，但是互换有时会改变表达情感

（五） 由not only…but also引出的倒装当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式， but also 后面正常语序

Not only is he a teacher, but also he is a poet. (他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人)
Not only did he speak more correctly, but also he spoke more easily. (不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了)

注意： not only .. but also 中but also不一定非要连在一起，也可以只留but或只留also ： Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet (这样写更舒服地道)

(六) 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装
当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句

If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him. -> Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.
If you should require anything give me a ring. -> Should you require anything give me a ring.
If it were not for your help,I would still be homeless. -> Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless. (要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归)
省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词
If I had money, I would buy it. -> Had I money, I would buy it. (此处的had是实意动词)

（七） As 引导的让步状语从句倒装
as作“虽然”解，引导让步状语从句时，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。此时应注意几点：

  1. 若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词，要省略不定冠词；
  2. 若提前的是动词原形(多为不及物动词)，与之连用的通常是may, might, will, would等，且这些词都要保留在原来的位置上(主语后)；
  3. though有时也可像as这样使作倒装， although绝对不能倒装**

Tired（形容词） as I was, I tried to help them. 虽然我很累，我还是努力帮助他们。 =Although I was tired, I tried to help them.
Try（动词） as he would, he couldn’t open the door. 他试过多次了, 却仍打不开那门。 =Although he would try, he couldn’t open the door.
Search(动词） as they would, they would find nobody in the house. 无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。 =Although they would search, they would find nobody in the house.
Hard(副词） as (though) they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。 =Although they tried hard, they couldn’t make her change her mind.
Boy(名词无冠词） as he was, he behaved like a girl. 他虽是个男孩，但举止却像个女孩。 =Although he was a boy, he behaved like a girl.

状语从句

状语主要是用来修饰动词和形容词的，以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间、地点、原因、目的、结果等。状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语
（一） 时间状语从句
时间状语从句用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句, 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

  1. 由when,while, as引导的时间状语从句的区别用法

    • when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词, 并且when有时表示“就在那时”
      When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我在吃饭。(瞬时动词) [came in 此时是瞬间动词， 她进来我有注意到她，吃饭停了一下]
      When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我的住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词） [live in 是延续性动词，一直在住着]
      We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。（就在那时）

    总结： when 引导的从句有激活主句的感觉，从句的内容要平行并列主句.

    • While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比
      My wife was reading the newspaper, while I was watching TV. 我妻子在看报纸，我在看电视。(was reading是延续性的动词，并且was reading和was watching同时发生)
      I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。 (此处表示对比)

    总结： while后面始终要加延续性动词

    • As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。
      We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”） [这里强调我们持续这样很长时间，像是一辈子的习惯]
      As we was going out, it began to snow. 当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）

    总结： as表示的持续性甚至是一种习惯

    Note: 主从复合句，要强调的东西在前面写，这也是英文的的使用习惯，强调的东西始终放在第一位 .

  2. 由before和after引导的时间状语从句的区别用法

    • before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”或“ 还没来得及… 就”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后
      It will be four days before they come back. （主将从现，一一对应） (他们要过四天才能回来)
      Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. （几乎同时发生） (爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我)
      My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. （主过完从过） (我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了)

    leave for smw (离开去某地)
    They had not been married four months before they were divorced. (他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了)

    • after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反
      After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. (你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的)
      After we had finished the work, we went home. (完成工作之后，我们回家了) （从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）

  3. till或until引导的时间状语从句的区别

    • till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until,但是注意注意注意：①如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；②如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。③till不可以用在句首，而until可以放在句首。
      I didn’t go to bed until（till）my father came back. (直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。)
      It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. (直到散会之后他才开始教我英语)
      I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。（前肯意为否）
      I didn’t work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。（前否意为肯）
      Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我。

  4. since引导的时间状语从句的用法

    • since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时
      I have been in Beijing since you left. （主现完从过去） (自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了)
      Where have you been since I last saw you? （主现完从过去） (自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？)
      It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. (我妹妹不在北京住有四年了)（今日重点句型，表示相反意思）

  5. 在时间状语从句中

    • 当主句是一般将来时或祈使句表示将来的意义时，时间状语从句用一般现在时
      I’ll let him know as soon as she comes.（主将从现） (她一来，我就会让你知道)

（二） 原因状语从句
用表示原因的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是原因状语从句，原因状语从句通常由because, since, as,for 引导

项目 位置 内涵 语气 能否回答why
because(因为) 主句前或者后，通常放在后面为好 直接因果关系，或一些不太想说的原因 强 能
as(由于) 主句前或者后 双方都知道的原因 弱 不能
since/now that (既然) 主语前 双方都知道原因 弱 不能
for (因为) 句中，通常由逗号隔开 补充说明原因或推断的依据 弱 不能
  1. because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。
    I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.
  2. as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因,即众所周知或当事人都知道，由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首
    As it is raining, we will not go to the park. (PS:下雨就在眼前，都知道)
    Now that/ Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
  3. for有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，对前一分句加以解释或推断
    It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet．

(三) 目的状语从句
**用表示目的的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是目的状语从句，目的状语从句通常由so that, in order to , in case, for fear **

  1. I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. (我租了一条船去钓鱼)
  2. Take your raincoat in case it rains (should rain). (带上雨衣以防下雨)
  3. He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. (他努力学习是为了能通过考试)

注意： in case 和 for fear 的区别： in case 指“假如某种情况出现,我们要……” 同时发生的可能性非常大不可避免,for fear指“我们要……以免某种情况出现”,前者强调主语的能动性

  • He worked hard for fear that he might be fired by the boss (他拼命地干活惟恐被老板解雇)
  • He walked fast for fear that he should be late. (他快走,以免迟到)

注意： so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个

  • 目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等,从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确
    Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)
    Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)

（四） 条件状语从句
用表示条件的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是条件状语从句，引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless，as long as, 激活条件

  1. Don’t come unless I telephone (除非我打电话，否则你别来)
  2. If you watch carefully you will **see how to do it (如果你仔细看，你会看出该怎样做)
  3. I’ll help you with your English if I am free tomorrow (如果我明天有空，我就帮你辅导英语)
  4. He won’t be late unless he is ill (除非他病了，否则他不会迟到)

    注意：

    • 祈使句连词要在中间
    • 在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态（主将从现），但是条件是不可能发生或实现的就是虚拟语气了，“If I were you ”

（五） 结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so…that，such…that等

  1. 在由so…that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “…so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句

    • The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people (这个大厅大得能容纳2000人)
    • Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her (妈妈住得太远了我们都无法常见面)
    • He shut the window with such force that the glass broke (他关窗子用力太大，玻璃都震破了)

  2. 在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an

    • It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything (天太热了，没人愿意干活)
    • He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term. (他进步很快，期中表现非常好)

  3. 如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such, 即“多多少少只能用so”

    • Soon there were so many deer(单复数一样) that they ate up all the wild roses (很快就聚集了许多鹿，啃光了所有的野玫瑰)
    • He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you (他几乎没时间跟你们去电影院)

  4. so…that…句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to…或not…enough to代替

    • He is so young that he can’t go to school = He is too young to go to school

  5. 当so/such…that结构中的so或such放在句首时，主句用倒装语序

    • So proud was he that he never listened to any advice (他太骄傲了以致于从来听不进任何建议)

(六) 让步状语从句

项目 位置 注意事项
though 句首,或句末 放在句末，做副词，意为“可是，不过” ,不可与but连用，可与yet,still连用
even though 通常放在句中链接主从句
even if 通常放在句中链接主从句
although 句首或句中 在句首需要有逗号，在句中不需要逗号，不可与but连用，可与yet,still连用

  1. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although, though, even though，even if（即使）

    • Though we are poor, we are still happy. 我们虽然穷，但是很快活。
    • He went out even though it was raining. 尽管下着雨，他还是出去了。
    • It’s hard work, I enjoy it though. 工作很辛苦，可我乐意干
    • The speech is good, it could be better though. 这次演讲不错，虽然还可以再好一点
    • Although Princeton has a world famous university, it is still a small quiet town. 普林斯顿虽然有一所闻名世界的大学，但仍然是个安静的小镇。
    • He often helps me with my English although he is pretty busy. 尽管他相当忙，但还是常常帮助我学英语。
    • Although the book was old , we decided to buy it . 尽管这本书很旧，我们还是决定买。
    • Though she was busy with her work, yet she managed to find time to stay with her family 虽然她忙于工作,但她还是挤出时间与家人在一起.
    • She was busy with her work ,and yet she managed to find time to stay with her family (这里是副词and yet ==but )
    • She was busy with her work , yet she managed to find time to stay with her family （这里是连接词,解释为：虽然,但是=but ）

  2. 连词while有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”，引导让步状语从句

    While we don’t agree with each other, we continue to be friends. 尽管我们意见不同，我们还是朋友

  3. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever等引导让步状语从句, 歌词中多见

    • Don’t lose heart whatever you do. 不管你做什么，都不要灰心。
    • Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过

  4. as也可引导让步状语从句，但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as前，若提前的是单数可数名词，要省略a或an，引导让步状语从句

    Teacher as he is, he can’t know everything. 虽然是老师，他也不可能什么都懂。

  5. Though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装，倒装后位于句首的名词之前不用冠词a或an

    Poor though I am ,I can afford it. 我虽穷，但这东西还是买得起的。

  6. 习语 as though (好像，仿佛)，even though (即使，纵然)， 有一种虚拟在里面, 不确定是否是某种情况

    She closed her eyes as though she were tired. 她闭上眼，仿佛很疲劳似的。
    He is an honest man, I must say, even though I has opposed him. 尽管我反对他，我还得说他是个诚实的人。

(七) 地点状语从句
注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句

  1. You’d better make a mark where you have any questions. (状语从句)你最好在有疑问的地方做个记号。
  2. You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定语从句) 你最好在有疑问的地方做个记号。
  1. Where引导状语从句—副词性从句

当Where引导状语从句时，Where前没有表示地点的先行词，Where是从属连词，Where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词

  • The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. (这位知名的科学家就在出生地成长，1930年来到上海。)
    评析：句中“the famous scientist grew up “这一部分是该句的主句，Where到句子最后是地点状语从句，where前没有表示地点的先行词.
  • She found her passport where she lost it . (她在她丢护照的地方找到了护照。)
    评析：”passport”是主句 found 后的宾语，它并不是从句中lost的地点，因此 where 引导的是地点状语从句，从属连词where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词 found 。
  1. Where引导定语从句—形容词性从句

当where 引导定语从句时，Where前有表示地点的先行词，where 引导的从句修饰先行词，Where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语

  • He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where is likely to lose control over the plane . (他在飞机上失去控制，处于极其危险的境地。)
    评析：situation 是先行词，其后是Where引导的定语从句。
  • This is the place where Luxun once lived . (这是鲁迅曾经生活过的地方。)
    评析： the place 是先行词，其后是 where引导的定语从句 ，where 在从句中作地点状语。

  1. 在有些情况下,where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句.

    A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert.＝A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert. (在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼.)

  2. where引导宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句———名词性从句

    • This is where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住的地方(where 引导表语从句)
    • I don’t know where Luxun once lived .我不清楚鲁迅曾经住在哪里。(where 引导宾语从句)
    • She was free to go to where she liked . 她可以去任何她喜欢的地方。(where 引导宾语从句)
    • Where Mary was born is Beijing . 玛利出身的地方是北京。(where 引导主语从句)

  3. 学后感

    • 先行词是地点类的名词 place situation case， 后面的where引导定语从句
    • where 出现在什么地方就是充当什么成分
    • 主句动词后面除了宾语和表语，剩下的就是状语
    • 状语用来修饰的是主句的动词

  4. 课后习题

    • 有志者事竟成。 Where there is a will, there is a way.
    • 书在你原来放的地方。 The book is where you left it.
    • 她回到了她刚才坐的地方。 She is back to where she sat just now.
    • 请呆在原处。 Please stay where you are.
    • 这就是他曾工作过的农场。 This is the farm where he once worked.

（八） 比较状语从句
常见的引导词有： as…as,not so (as)…as, than, the more…the more等

  1. the more + 主谓， the more + 名词 + 主谓

    • The harder you work, the more progress you will make. 你越努力，取得的进步就越大。
    • The more you study, the more knowledge you can get. 你学的知识越多，你的知识越丰富。

  2. not so/as … as 之间只能是形容词原级，不可以是比较级和最高级

    • The work is not so difficult as you imagine. 这工作不像你想像的那么困难。
    • He doesn’t work as hard as she (does). 他工作不像她那样努力。

  3. 表示倍数的三种句型

    • 倍数＋as many +可数名词复数+as
    • 倍数+as much+不可数名词+as
    • 倍数+as+形容词原级+名词+as
    • I have twice as many books as you do. 我拥有的书是你的两倍。
    • It is reported that the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole of Europe. 据报道美国人使用的能源是整个欧洲的两倍。
    • I can rent three times as big a room as yours in my city using that money. 用那些钱我能在我们的城市租一个三倍大的房间。
    • 注意： adj + a/an + 名词

（九） 方式状语从句
常见的引导词有：as ,as if ，as though

  1. ** as if 从句用陈述语气的情况,当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时 **

    • It sounds as if it is raining．听起来像是在下雨。
    • He talks as if he is drunk．从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。

  2. as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况,当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下

    如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时

    • You look as if you didn’t care． 你看上去好像并不在乎。
    • He talks as if he knew where she was． 他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。

    从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”

    • He talks about Rome as if he had been there before． 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。
    • The girllistened as if she had been turned to stone． 那女孩倾听着，一动也不动，像已经变成了石头似的。

    从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形”

    • He opened his mouth as if he would say something． 他张开嘴好像要说什么。
    • It looks as if it might snow．看来好像要下雪了。

    注意： as if /though引导的从句常用虚拟语气，表示非真实情况，但如果从句中陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气

（十） 状语从句的省略
当时间、条件、让步、方式和比较状语从句的主语与主句一致或为it 或 there且谓语动词含be动词时，从句中的主语和谓语可以一起省去

  1. Don’t speak until spoken to.( 省略了you are) 你不要讲话，除非让你讲话。
  2. I have no money. If any, I will lend yousome. 我手里没有钱，有的话，我会借给你的。( 省略了there is)
  3. Though cold, he still wore a shirt. 尽管很冷，他却只穿一件短袖。 ( 省略了it was)

强调句

（一） 区分强调句与其他类型从句（主、定、状）

  1. 强调句与主语从句的区别

    • It is true that he is honest. (主语从句) 他真的很诚实。
    • True he is honest (去掉It is … that 之后不成句子，所以是主语从句，强调句去掉仍然成句子如： It is Mr Fu that is honest)
    • It is known to all that China is a country with a long history. (主语从句) 众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
      It was here that he fell off his bicycle.(强调句) 这正是他从自行车上摔下来的地方。

    总结： “It is / was + 形容词 / 分词 / + that从句”是主语从句，它译成中文时不可加上“正是……”“就是……”之类字眼，

  2. 含有定语从句的强调句型 (在被强调的名词后再设计一个以该名词为先行词的定语从句，这时不要把定语从句当作强调句)。

    • It was this school where (in which) he once studied that gave him a chance of teaching.正是这所他曾经学习过的学校给了他教学的机会。

    总结： 这种句子先写主干： It was this school…. that gave him a chance of teaching

  3. 强调句型与状语从句的区别

    • It was at 7:00 that I arrived.(强调句型，强调时间状语at 7:00)正是在7:00时， 我到了。
    • It was 7:00 when I arrived.(时间状语从句，在7:00前无介词at) 当我到达时， 时间是7:00。
    • It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing.(强调句型，前后时态一致) 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。
    • It is(has been) two years since I began to learn drawing.(since引导的时间状语从句，前后时态不一致) 自从我学习绘画以来已经有两年了。
    • It was two years before they came to see us.(时间状语从句) 过了两年后他们才来看我们。
    • It was two years later that they came to see us.(强调句型) 正是两年后他们才来看我们的。
    • It won’t be long before we graduate from the school. (时间状语从句) 不久我就将毕业了。
    • It will be two years before we graduate from this university. (时间状语从句) 再过两年我们就将大学毕业了。

    总结： 可以看先行词，如果是引导时间的词since before after 就是时间状语从句， that是强调句

（二） 强调三关

mind1

常用句式

  1. sb1 cut sb1 off sb1截断了sb2的来源（多只经济来源）

    My daddy cut me off 我老爸断了我的经济来源
    sth cut sb off (sth断了)
    Machine cut me off (电话断了)

  2. sb is dumb blonde that has no common sense 某人是没有常识的金发女郎（世界观及价值观与常人不同）

  3. I knew it was stupid and I shouldn’t have done it 我知道这事情很蠢我也不该这么做

    shouldn’t have done, 本来不该做的事情做了，同理，should have done,本该做的事情没做，口语中使用频率很高.
    You shouldn’t have said that.

  4. sb is at rock bottom 某人在很惨/低谷的时候

  5. I think it is the best thing that could’ve ever happened to you

  6. get out on one’s way 自力更生

    We should get out on our way.

  7. How does he expect me to do sth 责备的语气，怎么可以这样？太过分了

    How does my boss expect me to work overtime

  8. tune (曲调，调整，使一致)

    tune in(收听) America tuned in to watch six very attractive singles navigate relationships and life in New York City
    stay tuned (不要换台，不要走开， DJ常用语)

  9. clip 小段音频或视频， next clip， clip section 2

  10. wind(wound) up doing == end up doing 最终..

  11. Right in the very beginning 就在一开始

  12. **we really just fell in love and adored（倾慕） each other instantly **

  13. sitcom = situation comedy （情景喜剧）

  14. Who have the best chemistry of the group?

    chemistry: 化学反应，相互吸引，并非配合的默契

  15. take sb under one’s …

    he graciously took me under his wings.

  16. be filthy rich

    filthy /‘fɪlθi/ 肮脏的，污秽的，猥亵的， 是指有铜臭的那种感觉 Tom is filthy rich.

  17. I don’t want to go into sth 我不想详细的解释/讲这件事， 因为懒/麻烦不愿意说

  18. It won’t work out …行不通

  19. have words 达成一致

  20. His mind is blown/ sb blew his mind 脑袋爆炸，指信息量很大，一时接受不了

  21. But not yet …还没怎样，但是要快了

  22. I expect(预测)/look forward to(期盼) it will rain today

  23. What if I … 如果我…. 通常接过去时/过去完成时

    What if I was still fat （过去时）
    What if I had had the guts(勇气) to quit my job （过去完成时）
    What if…? 主要有三种用法，此处表示假设，意思是“要是……将会怎么样”。此外，它还可以表示邀请或建议，意思是“如果……如何？”What if…? 还可以表示某事不重要，常常与so连用，意为“就算……那又怎样？
    What if you join us for lunch? 同我们一起吃晚饭怎么样 （表示邀请/建议）
    So what if we’re a little late? 就算我们迟到一小会又怎样 （表示某事不重要）

  24. golden years 黄金年代 prime time 黄金时间

  25. That’s for sure 那毋庸置疑， 可以在自己说的句子末尾加上这句话， 也可以在别人说过话之后说这句话表示肯定和认可

  26. Don’t dwell (不要沉溺于过去)

    dwell /dwɛl/ (vi. 居住；存在于；细想某事)
    move on / look forward 是其反义词 表示向前看

  27. casual Friday 通常所说的happy Friday, 指工作族不用在星期五穿西装打领带那么不自由

  28. only if/if only

    only if 的only 是重点，”只有如果(当…)”,if only 的if是重点”如果…就好了(既然假设就虚拟)”

  29. You guys really think that I’m that shallow (你们真的那么认为我那么肤浅/浅薄吗？)

  30. wear a tie (戴领带)

  31. sb have a knack for sth 某人有… 天分

    knack /næk/ n. 诀窍；本领；熟练技术；巧妙手法 I have a knack for stocks 我有炒股票的天分/潜质

  32. quit my job 放弃我的工作，表示辞职

  33. *I have to admit, the horoscope stuff really caught my attention. 我不得不承认，星座运势这东西引起了我的兴趣

  34. Virgos have a strong attention to detail, they are known to take good care of people 处女座及其关注细节，他们是公认的擅长照顾别人

  35. Do you have some studying(homework) to do?

  36. Do you not wanna be seen with me? 和 Don’t you wanna be seen with me? (两者表达的意思不一样， 前者在当时的对话情景猜测到对方的意思)

  37. I’m about to leave (我马上要离开， 指下一秒将要做某事)

  38. **you may frown upon that. ** （你可能心里头不舒服，表示表情上，内心里（暗暗）不满，不同意， 而disapprove,disagree 表示言语上的不同意）

  39. You are so fired. ！ 你铁定被解雇了 有点你会被解雇的很惨的意思

    you are so dead 你死定了

  40. what are you [doing] 句型扩展

    • what are you trying to say. (你想说什么)
      情景应用： A: 说了半天也说不明白，或者在纠结该不该说 B: what are you trying to say? 你现在正在尝试要说什么？
    • what do you want to say? (你想说什么)
      情景应用： A: 跑到B面前说“Can I talk to you?” B: what do you want to say? 你想要说什么？
    • what are you doing saying this （你说这个干什么，带有责备语气）
      情景应用： 一般情况下，句型 what are you doing [doing] 带有责备的情感在里面 what are you doing talking to her about that? 你和她谈论那个干什么？

  41. Please bear in mind 请记住

    Please bear in mind that I love you forever.

  42. Twist the knife 往伤口上撒盐，揭伤疤

    They’re all twisting the knife.

  43. Split the cost 分摊成本，类似于中国的AA制

  44. you can’t be too careful in your work

    A：你出门还带刀自我保护，太夸张了吧 B：You can’t be too careful.（现在世道这么乱，再怎么小心也不为过, 小心使得万年船）

  45. Do you mind if we switch places？ （becasue I get off next 可说可不说） 类似于在电梯中请求互换位置

  46. mean to do sth 有意做某事 故意做某事 // run into sb 不小心撞到别人，偶遇别人=bump into

    Oops, I did not mean to run into you like that, sir 哎呀！我没成想要这么碰到你的，对不起，先生。

  47. school night/work night

    school night 明早还要上学
    work night 明天要上班
    以上两种句型的理解：上班(上学)期间，不是放假期间，晚上不要玩疯，要做准备，为了第二天工作、学习
    Is it a school night and she has a lot of homework to do?

  48. Bring ’em on 放马过来 还想说什么就说吧

  49. girl/boy scouts 美国12岁以下孩子的一个real life的锻炼活动， 猜测类似夏令营， 为了筹办活动买girl/boy scouts cookies

  50. Tell sb good luck with sth. 表示“祝某人在某事上有好运”，口语中经常使用。

    A: Tom will have an exam tomorrow. 汤姆明天有个考试。 B: Tell him good luck with that. 帮我祝他好运。

  51. I can let it go for eight. (结合上下文是8000元成交的意思， 其中let it go， 可以想象养了好久的宠物要走了，舍不得，此处理解为“勉强成交，非常不情愿的让价”)

  52. We stand firm at $10 (我们坚决付十块， stand firm at … 坚定..立场)

  53. I’m over it (不在乎，无所谓了)

  54. hold out sth （伸出手里的东西，直直的拿着…）

  55. Engagement ring 结婚戒指

  56. poker face （ 一本正经的面容, 面无表情的人）

  57. a man-to-man talk (一对一的，坦率的,直言不讳的; 畅所欲言的)

  58. count on sb (依赖/指望某人)

    Don’t count on me (别指望我)
    You can count on us (你可以指望/依赖我们)

  59. toe the line (脚靠着线，不要越界，循规蹈矩，遵守规则)

  60. thread the needle (有balance的意思 也有讽刺这个东西很难， “线穿针眼”)

    it’s like thread the needle. (这个东西很难)

  61. think outside the box (创新思维，摆脱思维定式)

  62. I have bigger fish to fry (有更大、重要的事情要处理)

    通常会说 I have bigger fish

  63. **sb is heartless ** ( 某人无情无义)

  64. she/he gets on one knee （单膝跪地求婚）

    take a knee (教练：围起来听教练讲话)

  65. We’re engaged 我们订婚了 engagement ring 订婚戒指

  66. We’re dying out here! ( 我们等得快急死了！)

  67. be likely to do sth. (表示“很有可能做某事”，强调可能性)

    It is likely to rain. 好像快要下雨了。
    be unlikely to (不大可能，不再发生)
    These tactics are unlikely to be helpful to you (这种方法对你未必有用)
    He is very ill and unlikely to recover (他病得很重，不大可能恢复健康了)

  68. lose one’s temper （失态）

  69. the box that it came in （包装的箱子）

  70. shake hand (握手)

  71. Parents shouldn’t play favorites （父母不应偏心）

    I’m the favorite (我是父母喜欢的那一个)

  72. I’m kind/sort of （kina）tired （我有点累，比I’m a little bit tired更地道）

  73. clever/smart/resourceful/competent

    在美国clever带有“小聪明”的意思，也有指动物的聪明， 在英国clever可以指人的聪明， 所以夸人聪明还是用smart比较合适
    resourceful 形容人比较足智多谋，资源分丰富
    competent/incompetent 有能力的和没有能力的 形容人

  74. **get the hell out of here ** （滚出去 也有强调的意思， 要读的快和地道才有感觉）

  75. check clear/bounce (形容支票是可以支出钱或不能支出钱)

  76. I can’t wait to see everything again! （ 我都等不及要再次看到它们了！）

    can’t wait to do sth.表示“迫不及待要做某事”，口语中的使用频率很高。

  77. can’t/couldn’t help doing sth. (情不自禁做某事)

    I can’t help laughing. (我忍不住大笑)

  78. hit 常用短语总结：

    1. hit on sb (撩妹，泡妞) —— Cindy never realizes when boys are hitting on her(Cindy 总是浑然不知有男生在追她)
    2. hit on sth (灵机一动想到sth) —— He hit on an idea that would be a perfect surprise (他灵机一动，想到了完美的生日趴体惊喜)
    3. hit smw (上路去哪) —— Let’s hit the road after staying here for a night (我们在这呆一晚就上路吧)
    4. hit the sack/hay (就寝、睡觉) —— Tina was so tired that she hit the sack soon after long hours works （Tina 实在是太累了，长时间工作以后早早睡觉去了）
    5. hit the nail[指甲、钉子] (说话中肯，一针见血) —— He always hit the nail on the head so all people found him extremly reliable （他说话总是一针见血，所有人都觉得他很靠谱）
    6. hit the jackpot (中头彩) —— Jocelin is the perfect girl for me, I’ve hit the jackpot in life being with her (Jocelin是我的真命天女，能和她在一起真是我这辈子最大的福分)
    7. hit it off well (一拍即合) —— We all thought the two of you would hit it off well （我们大家都认为你们会相处愉快）
    8. hit the bottle (酗酒) —— He started to hit the bottle to relieve stress. (他开始用酗酒来释放压力)
    9. hit the light (开灯) —— Would you please hit the light for me? （请问你可以帮我开一下灯么？）
    10. hit the big (做到，成功) —— We hit the big (我们成功了)
    11. hit the book (啃书，用工读书) —— I got an exam tomorrow. so I got to hit the books tonight. （我明天有个考试，今晚我要念书呢）
    12. hit the roof (暴跳如雷，大怒) —— My parents would hit the roof if he knew that I wrecked his car （如果我爸发现我毁了他的车，一定会暴跳如雷的）
    13. hit me (场景： 对酒吧调酒师说hit me, 指再来一杯)

  79. **ground rules = basic rule ** (基本规则)

    Are there ground rules (有什么基本的规则吗？ 如在玩游戏前做好规则)

  80. I’m just saying (A: you’re so handsome, I’m just saying. 为了避免尴尬的局面，可以说I’m just saying.)

  81. He really told her off (他臭骂了她一顿)

  82. shave a head (理发)

  83. **on top of ** (并且 另外)

  84. **reduce anxiety ** (减少、降低焦虑，注意动词的使用)

  85. fixate on sth (提起sth)

    Why does everyone keep fixating on that? (为什么大家都绕着这个话题打转？ )

  86. **of course it was a line ** (显然这是骗你的)

  87. live off (以…为食料；靠…生活；住在…之外)

    You can’t live off your parents all the time (你不能一直靠你父母生活)

  88. 是（is）, 有（there be）, 时（when） (万能转换)

  89. loudly 和 loud 的区别

    loudly 有吵闹的声音大的感觉
    speak loud and clear

  90. 为某人支付费用

    cover for you (暂时帮你付，回头你需要归还) I forgot my wallet, can you cover me? (我忘记带钱包了，能先临时帮我付一下吗？)
    pay for you (帮你付，不需要你还)

  91. She gives him a withering look （她用一个绝望或失望的眼神看了他一眼）

  92. You had one job (就让你干了一件事还干不好的意思)

  93. **beyond one’s grasp, beyond one’s capatibility , out of reach, out of control 区别 **

    beyond one’s grasp (鞭长莫及，有能力，但是远水解不了近渴的感觉) I can’t help him because it’s beyond my grasp
    beyond one’s capatibility (超出某人的能力范围) The work is difficult and beyond my capatibility (工作太难超出了我的能力范围，也可以直接说 it’s beyond me)
    out of reach (指空间距离的不能及) I’m in BJ， teaching in SH is out of reach
    out of control (某物不可控) The fire is out of control (大火失去了控制)

  94. a family of three (三口之家)

  95. **have yet to do sth ** (used for saying that something has not happened or been done up to the present time, especially when you think it should have happened or been done)

    As for accommodation, the resort has yet to announce the price of a stay in its hotel rooms. (至于膳宿，度假胜地还没有公布酒店的费用)

  96. trial run/flight/version (试运行/试飞/试用版本)

  97. turn over in one’s mind (Think about something thoroughly)

    My father gave me some advice that I’ve been turning over in my mind ever since (我父亲教导过我一句话，我至今还念念不忘)

  98. web celebrity (网红， celebrity也可以指名声名气)

  99. **You have got to do sth ** (强烈建议做某事， got 要加重音)

    You’ve got to try this.

  100. I’m not that much of … (我还没那么…,还没到..程度，也算是一种谦虚的说法)

    I’m not that much of an artist
    I’m not that much of a sweet tooth (我不那么喜欢吃甜食)

  101. This is the best sth/sb I have ever done

    This is the best radio show I have ever listened to.
    This is the best movie I have ever seen

  102. Sth is addressed to you* (sth是邮寄给你的)

    This is not addressed to you (这不是邮寄给你的)
    注意名词动词的读音区分 vt. 演说；从事；忙于；写姓名地址；向…致辞；与…说话；提出；处理 n. 地址；演讲；致辞；说话的技巧；称呼

  103. send away

    send away for sth (request another sth) 想象“让快递小哥送过来sth”

  104. ** I’ll be right with you.** (等等，我马上就来)

    Wait a few minutes and I’ll be right with you. (请等一下，我马上就来)

  105. sink one’s teeth into sth/sb

    • bite to sth/sb
      I can’t wait to sink my teeth into that delicious-looking dessert(餐后甜点) you made
      The dog sunk his teeth into the little boy’s arm.
    • get a chance to do something energetically or productively
      I want to give the students a project they can really sink their teeth into.
      I’m so bored at work. I would like something I can sink my teeth into.

  106. first-tier city (一线城市)

  107. take sb/sth for granted (把…当成理所当然)

    So many of us take clean water for granted.
    Children often take their parents for granted.

  108. slow motion hair shake (慢动作甩头发)

  109. It’s a running gag （不停出现的笑点）

    gag me (short for gag me with a spoon)

    • Shit i have so much homework. Gag meee! (杀了我吧，恶心死我吧)

  110. stare at sb ( 盯着某人看， 不是很礼貌的行为)

    Don’t stare

  111. wafer thin ice (很危险了)

    you’re standing on thin ice （你很危险了，“别嘚瑟了，再触碰底线就死定了”）

  112. sth rules (sth很给力，指很过瘾)

    movie rules / water rules

  113. **leg warms ** (秋裤)

  114. You shush （你闭嘴吧）

    口语中，You shush或者Shush的使用频率很高，说话者用来让对方“闭嘴”或者“安静一下
    Shush! I want to hear the weather. (安静！我要听天气预报)
    Shush! Here he comes. I’ll talk to you later. (嘘！他来了。我一会儿再跟你说)
    Don’t shush me. (让对方安静的意思)
    注意： Shush与Shut up所表达的含义相同，但Shush的语气比较委婉和客气，而Shut up则比较粗鲁，一般是急了的情况下用这种表达来让对方“住口”

  115. **one hit wonder ** (one hit wonder，指代一个歌手或者组合只有一首成功的单曲)

    There are lots of singers are one hit wonder

  116. tell each other secrets (互相揭穿秘密)

  117. freshman sophomore junior senior (大一大二大三大四)

  118. **valley girl ** （说话声音比较大，比较兴奋的女孩，会让周围的人觉得很吵 ）

  119. 英语中没有学哥小妹，只需要说来自同一个学校就可以了， he was my friend from college 或者 alumni /ə’lʌmnaɪ/ 校友

  120. to make matters worse (更糟糕的是)

  121. tough cookie = a difficult people (难相处的人)

  122. wedding vows （very serious promise， 现在多数在结婚时候用了） 婚姻誓词

  123. flash back episode (回顾片段 电影中的回忆片段)

  124. **steal one’s thunder ** (抢了谁的风头)

  125. Your roof, your rules (你的地盘你做主)

  126. a blessing in disguise (塞翁失马，因祸得福)

  127. word on the street (小道消息)

  128. **second mother tongue ** （第二母语）

  129. serve for sth （服务../用来做..）

  130. show off (炫耀，显摆)

  131. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man;and writing an exact man (读书使人充实；交谈使人机敏；笔记使人精确)

  132. learn from the past (从历史/过去中学习)

  133. Those are way too expensive (way too + adj 太…)

  134. He’s a pushover (他是一个容易被掌控使唤的人)

  135. He’s a buzzkill (他是一个扫兴的人)

  136. i’m not doing it/sth (正在否认不做什么)

  137. I’m not returning them, you’ll see (you’ll see 等着看吧，尾语)

成语短语总结

  1. 不管三七二十一 <——> 瞻前顾后

    rain or shine <——> take a look around

    • You have to carry out(贯彻，执行) your plan, rain or shine.
    • Buddy, just keep going， I’ll be along with you, rain or shine.
    • If you take a look around, you will miss a lot of oppotunities that were supposed to belong to you.

  2. 不寒而栗

    Make one’ s teeth chatter(使卡嗒卡嗒作声). Make one’s flesh(肉体) creep

    • The mysterious /mɪ’stɪrɪəs/ sound in the dark made Lily’s teeth chatter.
    • The news that fake vaccines were being sold to different provinces in China made my teeth chatter.

  3. 不可救药 <——> 微感不适

    beyond remedy(补救，治疗，赔偿) <——> To feel off color

    • Robert’s laziness is beyond remedy.
    • Tom feels off color

  4. 不可同日而语 <——> 相提并论

    can’t be mentioned on the same day <——> place on par

    • John’s idea is different from Jean’s, they can’t be mentioned on the same day.
    • Both of things can not be placed on par.

生词表

序号 单词 音标 词性和解释
1 ditch /dɪtʃ/ vt. 在…上掘沟；把…开入沟里；丢弃 n. 沟渠；壕沟
2 custod /‘kʌstədi/ n. 保管；监护；拘留；抚养权
3 alcoholic /,ælkə’hɔlɪk/ adj. 酒精的，含酒精的 n. 酒鬼，酗酒者
4 revelation /‘rɛvə’leʃən/ n. 启示；揭露；出乎意料的事；被揭露的真相
5 massage /mə’sɑːʒ n. 按摩；揉 vt. 按摩；揉
6 horoscope /‘hɔrəskop n. 占星术；星象；十二宫图
7 nonsense /‘nɑnsɛn/ n. 胡说；废话
8 charming /‘tʃɑrmɪŋ/ adj. 迷人的；可爱的
9 arrogant /‘ærəɡən/ adj. 自大的，傲慢的
10 oops /uːps/ （表示惊讶或后悔）哎哟…
11 taboo /təˈbuː/ 禁忌
12 dash /dæʃ/ 连字符”-“
13 underscore /ˌʌn.dɚˈskɔːr/ 下划线”_”
14 money-oriented / -ɔːr.i.en.t̬ɪd/ 导向钱的, 注意连字符的使用
15 detail-oriented / -ɔːr.i.en.t̬ɪd/ 导向细节的， 注意连字符的使用，可能几百年后就是一个单词，中间没有连字符
16 alley / ˈæl.i/ 小街, 小巷，胡同, （尤指两边有树或灌木的）小径…
17 stove / stoʊv/ （用于取暖的）炉，火炉, 炉灶…
18 ramen /ˈrɑː.men/ 日式拉面 方便面
19 drip->dribble /drɪp/ /ˈdrɪb.əl/ 滴嗒->滴滴答答 frequentative form 反复动词
20 murmur /ˈmɝː.mɚ/ 轻声说, 低声说 ,喃喃自语 frequentative form 反复动词
21 jerk /dʒɜːk/ （美俚) foolish person 蠢人.阿呆,笨瓜,不懂世故 （适合好朋友之间用，有点幼稚，可爱的感觉）
22 seminar /ˈsem.ə.nɑːr/ 专题讨论会, 研讨会…
23 bluff /blʌf/ 以假象欺骗，蒙，唬
24 bury /ˈber.i/ 埋, 埋葬，安葬, 掩埋
25 hatchet /ˈhætʃ.ɪt/ 小斧头
26 cosmetic /kɑːzˈmet̬.ɪk/ adj. 美容的；化妆用的 n. 化妆品；装饰品
27 sentimental /‘sɛntə’mɛntl/ adj. 伤感的；多愁善感的；感情用事的；寓有情感的
28 bend（过去时bent”弯曲的”） /bɛnd/ vt. 使弯曲；使屈服；使致力；使朝向 vi. 弯曲，转弯；屈服；倾向；专心于 n. 弯曲
29 daisy /‘deɪzɪ/ n. 雏菊；菊科植物；极好的东西 adj. 极好的；上等的
30 tassel /‘tæsl/ n. 流苏；缨；穗 vt. 用流苏装饰；摘下…穗
31 step-dad, step-mom, step-brother, step-sister 继父,继母,继兄,继女
32 asbestos /æz’bestɒs / n.石棉
33 ceiling /‘siːlɪŋ/ 天花板
34 oven /‘ʌvən/ n. 烤箱
35 bulb /bʌlb/ n. 电灯泡
36 bittersweet /‘bɪtɚ,swit/ adj. 苦乐参半的；又苦又甜的 n. 又苦又甜的东西；蜀羊泉
37 narcissist /nɑr’sɪsɪst/ n. 自我陶醉者 自恋的人
38 narcissism /‘nɑrsɪ’sɪzə/ n. [心理] 自恋，自我陶醉
39 downhill /,daʊn’hɪl/ adv. 下坡；向下；每况愈下 adj. 下坡的；容易的 n. 下坡；滑降
40 punchline /‘pʌntʃlaɪn/ n. 笑点；结尾警语；妙语如珠
41 bald /bɔld/ adj. 秃顶的；光秃的；单调的；无装饰的 vi. 变秃
42 therapy /‘θɛrəpi/ n. 治疗，疗法
43 tuition /tʊ’ɪʃən/ n. 学费；讲授
44 tutor /‘tʊtɚ/ vt. 辅导；约束 n. 导师；家庭教师；助教 vi. 当家庭教师；（美）在家庭教师指导下学习
45 scooter /ˈskuː.t̬ɚ/ n. 单脚滑行车
46 ambidextrous /‘æmbə’dɛkstrəs/ n. 旁观者
47 onlooker = spectator /‘ɑnlʊkɚ/ adj. 双手灵巧的；怀有二心的
48 vague /veɡ/ adj. 模糊的；含糊的；不明确的；暧昧的
49 genetics /dʒə’nɛtɪks/ n. 遗传学
50 clumsy /‘klʌmzi/ adj. 笨拙的
51 stigma /‘stɪɡmə/ n. [植] 柱头；耻辱；污名；烙印；特征
52 gasp /ɡæsp/ vi. 喘气；喘息；渴望 vt. 气喘吁吁地说；喘着气说话 n. 喘气 (很惊讶的场景，倒吸一口气)
53 creamy /‘krimi/ adj. 奶油色的；乳脂状的；含乳脂的
54 hypocrite /‘hɪpə’krɪ/ n. 伪君子；伪善者
55 foreshadow /fɔrˈʃæd·oʊ/ vt. 预示；成为…的前兆，做铺垫 n. 预兆，铺垫
56 cliche /kliːˈʃeɪ/ n. 陈词滥调；[印刷] 铅版；陈腐思想 adj. 陈腐的 a saying or remark that is very often made and is therefore not original and not interesting ,想象剧情中的甩头发太普遍了，烂大街了
57 conversationalist /ˌkɑːn.vɚˈseɪ.ʃən.əl.ɪst/ n. 健谈的人 someone who enjoys or is good at talking with people
58 intently /ɪnˈtent·li/ adv. 专心地；一心一意地；心无旁骛地 in a way that shows great attention to something
59 pathetic /pəˈθet̬.ɪk/ adj. 可怜的，悲哀的；感伤的；乏味的


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